महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-217, verse-2

यत्तद्यानसहस्रेण ज्ञातिभिः परिवारितः ।
लोकान्प्रतापयन्सर्वान्यास्यस्मानवितर्कयन् ॥२॥

2. yattadyānasahasreṇa jñātibhiḥ parivāritaḥ ,
lokānpratāpayansarvānyāsyasmānavitarkayan.

2. yat tat yāna-sahasreṇa jñātibhiḥ parivāritaḥ
lokān pratāpayan sarvān yāsyaḥ asmān avitarkayan

2. yat tat yāna-sahasreṇa jñātibhiḥ parivāritaḥ
sarvān lokān pratāpayan asmān avitarkayan yāsyaḥ

2. You who, surrounded by thousands of chariots and your kinsmen, would previously torment all the worlds, going forth completely disregarding us...

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - Introduces a relative clause referring to Nahusha's past state. (that which, which)

• तत् (tat) - Refers to the past glorious state of Nahusha. (that, such)

• यान-सहस्रेण (yāna-sahasreṇa) - by a thousand vehicles/chariots

• ज्ञातिभिः (jñātibhiḥ) - by relatives, by kinsmen

• परिवारितः (parivāritaḥ) - Nahusha being surrounded by his relatives. (surrounded, encompassed)

• लोकान् (lokān) - worlds, realms, people

• प्रतापयन् (pratāpayan) - Nahusha's past actions of troubling the worlds. (tormenting, afflicting, causing suffering to)

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all, every

• यास्यः (yāsyaḥ) - Refers to Nahusha's past action of going forth. (one who would go, destined to go)

• अस्मान् (asmān) - Refers to Indra and the other deities. (us)

• अवितर्कयन् (avitarkayan) - Nahusha's past lack of regard for others. (not considering, disregarding, not caring for)

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - Introduces a relative clause referring to Nahusha's past state. (that which, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

तत् (tat) - Refers to the past glorious state of Nahusha. (that, such)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

यान-सहस्रेण (yāna-sahasreṇa) - by a thousand vehicles/chariots

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of yāna-sahasra

yāna-sahasra - a thousand vehicles, thousands of chariots

Compound of 'yāna' (vehicle) and 'sahasra' (thousand).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yāna+sahasra)

• yāna – vehicle, carriage, chariot
  noun (neuter)
  Noun from √yā (to go).
  Root: yā (class 2)
• sahasra – a thousand
  numeral (neuter)

ज्ञातिभिः (jñātibhiḥ) - by relatives, by kinsmen

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of jñāti

jñāti - kinsman, relative, family member

परिवारितः (parivāritaḥ) - Nahusha being surrounded by his relatives. (surrounded, encompassed)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parivārita

parivārita - surrounded, encompassed, covered

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of pari+√vṛ (to cover, encompass).

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛ (class 5)

लोकान् (lokān) - worlds, realms, people

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, people, space

प्रतापयन् (pratāpayan) - Nahusha's past actions of troubling the worlds. (tormenting, afflicting, causing suffering to)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratāpayant

pratāpayant - one who is tormenting

Present Active Participle (Causative)

Present active participle of the causative of pra+√tap (to heat, torment).

Prefix: pra

Root: tap (class 1)

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all, every

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Agrees with 'lokān'.

यास्यः (yāsyaḥ) - Refers to Nahusha's past action of going forth. (one who would go, destined to go)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yāsyat

yāsyat - one who will go

Future Active Participle

Future active participle of √yā (to go). Often used to express conditional or habitual past action.

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Refers to the implied subject, Nahusha.

अस्मान् (asmān) - Refers to Indra and the other deities. (us)

(pronoun)

Accusative, plural of asmad

asmad - we, us

अवितर्कयन् (avitarkayan) - Nahusha's past lack of regard for others. (not considering, disregarding, not caring for)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avitarkayant

avitarkayant - one who is not considering

Present Active Participle (Negated)

Present active participle of a (negation) + vi+√tark (to consider).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vitarkayant)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• vitarkayant – considering, pondering
  participle (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  Present active participle of vi+√tark (to consider).
  Prefix: vi
  Root: tark (class 10)