महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-217, verse-5

बलिरुवाच ।
अनित्यमुपलक्ष्येदं कालपर्यायमात्मनः ।
तस्माच्छक्र न शोचामि सर्वं ह्येवेदमन्तवत् ॥५॥

5. baliruvāca ,
anityamupalakṣyedaṁ kālaparyāyamātmanaḥ ,
tasmācchakra na śocāmi sarvaṁ hyevedamantavat.

5. baliḥ uvāca anityam upalakṣya idam kālaparyāyam ātmanaḥ
tasmāt śakra na śocāmi sarvam hi eva idam antavat

5. baliḥ uvāca he śakra idam ātmanaḥ kālaparyāyam anityam
upalakṣya tasmāt na śocāmi hi idam sarvam eva antavat

5. Bali said: "Perceiving this impermanent nature of the individual self (ātman), which is subject to the transformations of time, I therefore do not grieve, O Śakra, for indeed all this is transient and has an end."

Words meanings summery:

• बलिः (baliḥ) - The king Bali (Bali (a king's name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अनित्यम् (anityam) - impermanent, transient

• उपलक्ष्य (upalakṣya) - having observed, having perceived, having understood

• इदम् (idam) - this (impermanent nature/change) (this, this one)

• कालपर्यायम् (kālaparyāyam) - the transformation of existence over time (change of time, succession of time, transformation over time)

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of the individual self (ātman) (of the self, of oneself)

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• शक्र (śakra) - O Śakra (Indra)

• न (na) - not

• शोचामि (śocāmi) - I grieve, I lament

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, whole, everything

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• इदम् (idam) - this existence, this world (this)

• अन्तवत् (antavat) - perishable, finite, having an end

Words meanings and morphology

बलिः (baliḥ) - The king Bali (Bali (a king's name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bali

bali - Bali (a king's name), offering, tribute

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect active

3rd person singular Perfect active of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

अनित्यम् (anityam) - impermanent, transient

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anitya

anitya - impermanent, transient, not eternal

Compound (Nañ-tatpuruṣa) of 'a' (not) + 'nitya' (eternal, constant)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+nitya)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative particle
• nitya – constant, eternal, perpetual
  adjective
  From ni-ī + ya
  Prefix: ni
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'idam kālaparyāyam ātmanaḥ'

उपलक्ष्य (upalakṣya) - having observed, having perceived, having understood

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From prefix 'upa' + root '√lakṣ'

Prefix: upa

Root: lakṣ (class 10)

Note: An absolutive, means "having observed".

इदम् (idam) - this (impermanent nature/change) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to 'kālaparyāyam anityam ātmanaḥ'

कालपर्यायम् (kālaparyāyam) - the transformation of existence over time (change of time, succession of time, transformation over time)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kālaparyāya

kālaparyāya - change of time, succession of time

Compound (Tatpuruṣa)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāla+paryāya)

• kāla – time, period
  noun (masculine)
• paryāya – change, revolution, succession, turn
  noun (masculine)
  From pari-ī + a
  Prefix: pari
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Object of 'upalakṣya'

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of the individual self (ātman) (of the self, of oneself)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, individual essence (ātman)

Note: Qualifies 'kālaparyāyam'

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(indeclinable)

Demonstrative pronoun declined in ablative singular

Note: Originally ablative of 'tad'

शक्र (śakra) - O Śakra (Indra)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of śakra

śakra - powerful, mighty; name of Indra

Root: śak (class 5)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Negative particle

शोचामि (śocāmi) - I grieve, I lament

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of śuc

Present active

1st person singular Present active of √śuc (class 1)

Root: śuc (class 1)

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, whole, everything

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Pronominal adjective

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

Particle

Note: Emphasizes the reason.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

Particle

इदम् (idam) - this existence, this world (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to the general state of existence.

अन्तवत् (antavat) - perishable, finite, having an end

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of antavat

antavat - having an end, perishable, finite

From 'anta' (end) + possessive suffix 'vat'

Note: Qualifies 'sarvam idam'.