महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-217, verse-23

तुषभक्षं तु मां ज्ञात्वा प्रविविक्तजने गृहे ।
बिभ्रतं गार्दभं रूपमादिश्य परिगर्हसे ॥२३॥

23. tuṣabhakṣaṁ tu māṁ jñātvā praviviktajane gṛhe ,
bibhrataṁ gārdabhaṁ rūpamādiśya parigarhase.

23. tuṣabhakṣam tu mām jñātvā praviviktajane gṛhe
bibhratam gārdabham rūpam ādiśya parigarhase

23. tu praviviktajane gṛhe tuṣabhakṣam gārdabham
rūpam bibhratam mām jñātvā ādiśya parigarhase

23. But having recognized me as one who subsists on chaff (tuṣabhakṣam), and who has assumed the form of a donkey in a secluded house, you condemn me by labeling me as such.

Words meanings summery:

• तुषभक्षम् (tuṣabhakṣam) - one who subsists on chaff (one who eats chaff, one who lives on husk)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• माम् (mām) - me

• ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having recognized (having known, having understood, recognizing)

• प्रविविक्तजने (praviviktajane) - in a secluded house/place (in a secluded place/house/among secluded people)

• गृहे (gṛhe) - in the house, in the home

• बिभ्रतम् (bibhratam) - bearing, assuming (a form) (bearing, carrying, holding, supporting)

• गार्दभम् (gārdabham) - of a donkey (donkey-like, of a donkey)

• रूपम् (rūpam) - form, appearance (form, appearance, shape, nature)

• आदिश्य (ādiśya) - having labeled / designated (me as such) (having ordered, having commanded, having designated, having specified)

• परिगर्हसे (parigarhase) - you condemn (you blame, you censure, you reproach)

Words meanings and morphology

तुषभक्षम् (tuṣabhakṣam) - one who subsists on chaff (one who eats chaff, one who lives on husk)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tuṣabhakṣa

tuṣabhakṣa - one who eats chaff/husk, an ascetic or poor person

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tuṣa+bhakṣa)

• tuṣa – chaff, husk
  noun (masculine)
• bhakṣa – eating, food, eater
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bhakṣ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'mām'.

तु (tu) - but, indeed (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Object of 'jñātvā'.

ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having recognized (having known, having understood, recognizing)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

root jñā, absolutive suffix -tvā

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Expresses a prior action by the subject of the main verb ('parigarhase').

प्रविविक्तजने (praviviktajane) - in a secluded house/place (in a secluded place/house/among secluded people)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of praviviktajana

praviviktajana - secluded person, a person in a solitary place

Compound type : karma-dhāraya (pravivikta+jana)

• pravivikta – secluded, solitary, separated
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  from pra-√vic
  Prefix: pra
  Root: vic (class 7)
• jana – person, people, man
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to a place where few people are. Often used with 'gṛhe'.

गृहे (gṛhe) - in the house, in the home

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of gṛha

gṛha - house, home, dwelling

Note: Location.

बिभ्रतम् (bibhratam) - bearing, assuming (a form) (bearing, carrying, holding, supporting)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bibhrat

bibhrat - bearing, carrying, supporting, wearing

present active participle

root bhṛ (reduplicated form bibhṛ), parasmaipada, present tense, active voice, participle, accusative singular masculine

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

Note: Qualifies 'mām'.

गार्दभम् (gārdabham) - of a donkey (donkey-like, of a donkey)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gārdabha

gārdabha - belonging to a donkey, donkey-like, stupid

derived from gardabha (donkey)

Note: Adjective for 'rūpam'.

रूपम् (rūpam) - form, appearance (form, appearance, shape, nature)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rūpa

rūpa - form, shape, appearance, beauty, nature

Note: Object of 'bibhratam'.

आदिश्य (ādiśya) - having labeled / designated (me as such) (having ordered, having commanded, having designated, having specified)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

root diś, absolutive suffix -ya (after upasarga)

Prefix: ā

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Expresses a prior action by the subject of the main verb ('parigarhase').

परिगर्हसे (parigarhase) - you condemn (you blame, you censure, you reproach)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of garh

present middle

root garh (from gṛh), ātmanepada, present tense, middle voice, 2nd person singular

Prefix: pari

Root: garh (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.