महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-126, verse-50

भीष्म उवाच ।
स तत्रोक्तो महाराज ऋषभेण महात्मना ।
सुमित्रोऽपनयत्क्षिप्रमाशां कृशतरीं तदा ॥५०॥

50. bhīṣma uvāca ,
sa tatrokto mahārāja ṛṣabheṇa mahātmanā ,
sumitro'panayatkṣipramāśāṁ kṛśatarīṁ tadā.

50. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca saḥ tatra uktaḥ mahārāja ṛṣabheṇa
mahātmanā sumitraḥ apanayat kṣipram āśām kṛśatarīm tadā

50. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca: mahārāja tatra mahātmanā ṛṣabheṇa saḥ
uktaḥ; tadā sumitraḥ kṣipram kṛśatarīm āśām apanayat

50. Bhishma said: "O Great King, he was addressed there by the great-souled Riṣabha. Then Sumitra quickly abandoned that exceedingly frail hope."

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• सः (saḥ) - he

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken to, said

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O Great King

• ऋषभेण (ṛṣabheṇa) - by Riṣabha

• महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled one

• सुमित्रः (sumitraḥ) - Sumitra

• अपनयत् (apanayat) - he removed, he abandoned

• क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly, swiftly

• आशाम् (āśām) - hope, expectation

• कृशतरीम् (kṛśatarīm) - exceedingly frail (frailer, weaker, more emaciated, exceedingly frail)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (proper name)

Note: Subject of `uvāca`.

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of vac

perfect

root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Reduplicated perfect form.

सः (saḥ) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the king/son from previous verses.

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of place.

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken to, said

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, told

Past Passive Participle

root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Predicate adjective, part of passive construction.

महाराज (mahārāja) - O Great King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : tatpurusha (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressed to a great king.

ऋषभेण (ṛṣabheṇa) - by Riṣabha

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ṛṣabha

ṛṣabha - bull, best, excellent, Riṣabha (proper name)

Note: Agent of `uktaḥ`.

महात्मना (mahātmanā) - by the great-souled one

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, sublime, great self

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifying `ṛṣabheṇa`.

सुमित्रः (sumitraḥ) - Sumitra

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sumitra

sumitra - Sumitra (proper name), good friend

Note: Subject of `apanayat`.

अपनयत् (apanayat) - he removed, he abandoned

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (Laṅ) of apanaya

imperfect

prefix apa, root nī (to lead), imperfect 3rd singular active

Prefix: apa

Root: nī (class 1)

क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

आशाम् (āśām) - hope, expectation

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of āśā

āśā - hope, expectation, desire

Note: Object of `apanayat`.

कृशतरीम् (kṛśatarīm) - exceedingly frail (frailer, weaker, more emaciated, exceedingly frail)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kṛśatara

kṛśatara - frailer, weaker, thinner, more emaciated

Comparative degree of kṛśa (thin, weak).

Note: Modifying `āśām`.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)