महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-126, verse-13

तस्मिंस्तु कथयत्येव राजा राजीवलोचनः ।
उपायाज्जवनैरश्वैः सबलः सावरोधनः ॥१३॥

13. tasmiṁstu kathayatyeva rājā rājīvalocanaḥ ,
upāyājjavanairaśvaiḥ sabalaḥ sāvarodhanaḥ.

13. tasmin tu kathayati eva rājā rājīvalocanaḥ
upāyāt javanaiḥ aśvaiḥ sabalaḥ sāvarodhanaḥ

13. tu tasmin kathayati eva rājā rājīvalocanaḥ
sabalaḥ sāvarodhanaḥ javanaiḥ aśvaiḥ upāyāt

13. But as he was still narrating, the lotus-eyed king arrived, riding swift horses, accompanied by his army and his retinue of women.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - While he (was speaking). (In him, on that, while he, when he.)

• तु (tu) - But. (But, indeed, on the other hand, however.)

• कथयति (kathayati) - (While he was) narrating. (Narrating, telling, speaking.)

• एव (eva) - Just, still (emphasizing the ongoing action). (Just, indeed, only, very.)

• राजा (rājā) - The king. (King, ruler.)

• राजीवलोचनः (rājīvalocanaḥ) - Lotus-eyed (an epithet for the king). (Having lotus-like eyes, lotus-eyed.)

• उपायात् (upāyāt) - He arrived. (He approached, he arrived.)

• जवनैः (javanaiḥ) - With swift (horses). (With swift (horses), with quick, with rapid.)

• अश्वैः (aśvaiḥ) - With horses.

• सबलः (sabalaḥ) - Accompanied by his army. (With force, with army, strong.)

• सावरोधनः (sāvarodhanaḥ) - Accompanied by his women/retinue of women. (With an inner apartment, with his women/harem.)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - While he (was speaking). (In him, on that, while he, when he.)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - That, he, she, it.

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.

तु (tu) - But. (But, indeed, on the other hand, however.)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

कथयति (kathayati) - (While he was) narrating. (Narrating, telling, speaking.)

(participle)

Locative, masculine, singular of kathayat

kathayat - Narrating, telling, speaking.

Present Active Participle

From the root `kath` (to speak, tell) in its causal stem `kathaya-` with `śatṛ` suffix.

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.

एव (eva) - Just, still (emphasizing the ongoing action). (Just, indeed, only, very.)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

राजा (rājā) - The king. (King, ruler.)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - King, ruler, sovereign.

n-stem noun.

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Subject of `upāyāt`.

राजीवलोचनः (rājīvalocanaḥ) - Lotus-eyed (an epithet for the king). (Having lotus-like eyes, lotus-eyed.)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājīvalocana

rājīvalocana - Lotus-eyed.

Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (rājīva+locana)

• rājīva – Lotus flower (Nelumbo nucifera).
  noun (neuter)
  a-stem noun.
• locana – Eye, seeing.
  noun (neuter)
  a-stem noun. From root `loc` (to see).
  Root: loc (class 1)

Note: Epithet of the king.

उपायात् (upāyāt) - He arrived. (He approached, he arrived.)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past aorist (luṅ) of upa-i

Aorist (Luṅ)

From root `i` (to go) with prefix `upa`. 3rd person singular active.

Prefix: upa

Root: i (class 2)

जवनैः (javanaiḥ) - With swift (horses). (With swift (horses), with quick, with rapid.)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of javana

javana - Swift, quick, rapid; speed.

a-stem adjective.

Root: ju (class 1)

अश्वैः (aśvaiḥ) - With horses.

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of aśva

aśva - Horse.

a-stem noun.

Root: aś (class 5)

Note: Means by means of horses.

सबलः (sabalaḥ) - Accompanied by his army. (With force, with army, strong.)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sabala

sabala - With strength, with an army, powerful.

Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (sa+bala)

• sa – With, together with.
  indeclinable
  Prefix/indeclinable.
• bala – Strength, power, force, army.
  noun (neuter)
  a-stem noun.
  Root: bal (class 10)

Note: Describes the king.

सावरोधनः (sāvarodhanaḥ) - Accompanied by his women/retinue of women. (With an inner apartment, with his women/harem.)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sāvarodhana

sāvarodhana - With the inner apartment/harem, accompanied by women.

Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (sa+avarodhana)

• sa – With, together with.
  indeclinable
  Prefix/indeclinable.
• avarodhana – Inner apartment, harem, women of the harem, seclusion.
  noun (neuter)
  a-stem noun. From `ava-rudh` (to obstruct, confine).
  Prefix: ava
  Root: rudh (class 7)

Note: Describes the king.