महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-126, verse-30

स हि तेन पुरा विप्रो राज्ञा नात्यर्थमानितः ।
आशाकृशं च राजेन्द्र तपो दीर्घं समास्थितः ॥३०॥

30. sa hi tena purā vipro rājñā nātyarthamānitaḥ ,
āśākṛśaṁ ca rājendra tapo dīrghaṁ samāsthitaḥ.

30. saḥ hi tena purā vipraḥ rājñā na atyartham mānitaḥ
| āśākṛśam ca rājendra tapaḥ dīrgham samāsthitaḥ

30. hi saḥ vipraḥ purā tena rājñā na atyartham mānitaḥ ca rājendra,
(saḥ) āśākṛśam dīrgham tapaḥ samāsthitaḥ

30. Indeed, that Brahmin (vipra) had not been greatly honored by that king before. And, O great king (rājendra), he, with diminished hopes, had undertaken a long penance (tapas).

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• तेन (tena) - by him, by that

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, before, in ancient times

• विप्रः (vipraḥ) - Brahmin, learned person

• राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king

• न (na) - not

• अत्यर्थम् (atyartham) - exceedingly, greatly, too much

• मानितः (mānitaḥ) - honored, respected

• आशाकृशम् (āśākṛśam) - with diminished hopes, having meager hopes

• च (ca) - and

• राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O great king, O chief of kings

• तपः (tapaḥ) - penance, austerity (tapas)

• दीर्घम् (dīrgham) - long, extensive

• समास्थितः (samāsthitaḥ) - had undertaken, adopted, resorted to

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

तेन (tena) - by him, by that

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

पुरा (purā) - formerly, before, in ancient times

(indeclinable)

विप्रः (vipraḥ) - Brahmin, learned person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vipra

vipra - a Brahmin, inspired, wise

राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

अत्यर्थम् (atyartham) - exceedingly, greatly, too much

(indeclinable)

Often used adverbially in the accusative singular neuter form.

Prefix: ati

Root: artha

मानितः (mānitaḥ) - honored, respected

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mānita

mānita - honored, respected, esteemed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root mān (to honor, to think highly of).

Root: mān (class 10)

आशाकृशम् (āśākṛśam) - with diminished hopes, having meager hopes

(indeclinable)

Used adverbially to describe the state of the subject while performing the action.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (āśā+kṛśa)

• āśā – hope, expectation
  noun (feminine)
• kṛśa – lean, meager, weakened
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Adverbial accusative

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O great king, O chief of kings

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājendra

rājendra - chief of kings, great king

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+indra)

• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)
• indra – Indra, chief, lord
  noun (masculine)

तपः (tapaḥ) - penance, austerity (tapas)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - penance, austerity, heat, spiritual fervor

दीर्घम् (dīrgham) - long, extensive

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dīrgha

dīrgha - long, prolonged, extensive

समास्थितः (samāsthitaḥ) - had undertaken, adopted, resorted to

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samāsthita

samāsthita - standing together, firm; undertaken, adopted, resorted to

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sthā (to stand) with upasargas sam-ā. Used predicatively with an active sense.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sthā (class 1)