महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-126, verse-29

ऋषभ उवाच ।
एवमुक्ते तु वचने राज्ञा मुनिरधोमुखः ।
तूष्णीमेवाभवत्तत्र न च प्रत्युक्तवान्नृपम् ॥२९॥

29. ṛṣabha uvāca ,
evamukte tu vacane rājñā muniradhomukhaḥ ,
tūṣṇīmevābhavattatra na ca pratyuktavānnṛpam.

29. ṛṣabha uvāca evam ukte tu vacane rājñā muniḥ adhomukhaḥ
tūṣṇīm eva abhavat tatra na ca pratyuktavān nṛpam

29. ṛṣabha uvāca rājñā evam vacane ukte tu,
adhomukhaḥ muniḥ tatra tūṣṇīm eva abhavat,
ca nṛpam na pratyuktavān

29. Rishabha said: "When the king made this statement, the sage lowered his face and remained silent there; he did not offer any reply to the king."

Words meanings summery:

• ऋषभ (ṛṣabha) - Rishabha (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• उक्ते (ukte) - having been said, spoken

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• वचने (vacane) - in the statement, in the word

• राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king

• मुनिः (muniḥ) - sage, ascetic

• अधोमुखः (adhomukhaḥ) - downcast face, looking downwards

• तूष्णीम् (tūṣṇīm) - silently, in silence

• एव (eva) - just, only, indeed

• अभवत् (abhavat) - became, was

• तत्र (tatra) - there

• न (na) - not

• च (ca) - and

• प्रत्युक्तवान् (pratyuktavān) - replied, answered

• नृपम् (nṛpam) - to the king

Words meanings and morphology

ऋषभ (ṛṣabha) - Rishabha (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ṛṣabha

ṛṣabha - Rishabha (name), bull, best

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice.

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

उक्ते (ukte) - having been said, spoken

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, told

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vac (to speak). Used in locative absolute construction.

Root: vac (class 2)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

वचने (vacane) - in the statement, in the word

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speech, word, statement

राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

मुनिः (muniḥ) - sage, ascetic

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, saint

अधोमुखः (adhomukhaḥ) - downcast face, looking downwards

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adhomukha

adhomukha - having the face downwards, downcast

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (adhas+mukha)

• adhas – down, below
  indeclinable
• mukha – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)

तूष्णीम् (tūṣṇīm) - silently, in silence

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - just, only, indeed

(indeclinable)

अभवत् (abhavat) - became, was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice.

Root: bhū (class 1)

तत्र (tatra) - there

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

प्रत्युक्तवान् (pratyuktavān) - replied, answered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratyuktavat

pratyuktavat - having replied, having answered

Past Active Participle

Derived from root vac (to speak) with upasarga prati. Formed with kvatu suffix.

Prefix: prati

Root: vac (class 2)

नृपम् (nṛpam) - to the king

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, protector of men