महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-126, verse-33

राजोवाच ।
आशायाः किं कृशत्वं च किं चेह भुवि दुर्लभम् ।
ब्रवीतु भगवानेतत्त्वं हि धर्मार्थदर्शिवान् ॥३३॥

33. rājovāca ,
āśāyāḥ kiṁ kṛśatvaṁ ca kiṁ ceha bhuvi durlabham ,
bravītu bhagavānetattvaṁ hi dharmārthadarśivān.

33. rājā uvāca āśāyāḥ kim kṛśatvam ca kim ca iha bhuvi
durlabham bravītu bhagavān etat tvam hi dharmārthadarśivān

33. rājā uvāca āśāyāḥ kim kṛśatvam,
ca iha bhuvi kim durlabham ca? bhagavān etat bravītu hi tvam dharmārthadarśivān.

33. The king spoke: "What is the fragility of hope (āśā), and what is truly difficult to obtain here on Earth? Venerable sir, please explain this, for you indeed possess insight into righteousness (dharma) and purpose (artha)."

Words meanings summery:

• राजा (rājā) - king

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• आशायाः (āśāyāḥ) - of hope, of desire

• किम् (kim) - what?

• कृशत्वम् (kṛśatvam) - fragility, weakness, thinness

• च (ca) - and, also

• किम् (kim) - what?

• च (ca) - and, also

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• भुवि (bhuvi) - on earth, in the world

• दुर्लभम् (durlabham) - difficult to obtain, rare

• ब्रवीतु (bravītu) - may he speak, please tell

• भगवान् (bhagavān) - venerable sir, holy one, blessed one

• एतत् (etat) - this

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• धर्मार्थदर्शिवान् (dharmārthadarśivān) - one who sees dharma and artha, one who comprehends righteousness and purpose

Words meanings and morphology

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

आशायाः (āśāyāḥ) - of hope, of desire

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of āśā

āśā - hope, desire, expectation, direction

किम् (kim) - what?

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what?, which?, why?

कृशत्वम् (kṛśatvam) - fragility, weakness, thinness

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛśatva

kṛśatva - thinness, weakness, fragility, emaciation

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

किम् (kim) - what?

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what?, which?, why?

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

भुवि (bhuvi) - on earth, in the world

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhū

bhū - earth, ground, place

दुर्लभम् (durlabham) - difficult to obtain, rare

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of durlabha

durlabha - difficult to obtain, rare, inaccessible

Prefix: dur

Root: labh (class 1)

ब्रवीतु (bravītu) - may he speak, please tell

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

भगवान् (bhagavān) - venerable sir, holy one, blessed one

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - blessed, fortunate, divine, venerable, lord

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

धर्मार्थदर्शिवान् (dharmārthadarśivān) - one who sees dharma and artha, one who comprehends righteousness and purpose

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmārthadarśin

dharmārthadarśin - seeing dharma and artha, understanding righteousness and purpose

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+artha+darśin)

• dharma – righteousness, duty, natural law (dharma)
  noun (masculine)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)
• darśin – seer, one who sees, one who understands
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun
  Derived from root dṛś
  Root: dṛś (class 1)