महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-126, verse-23

एवमुक्त्वाभिवाद्याथ तमृषिं लोकपूजितम् ।
श्रान्तो न्यषीदद्धर्मात्मा यथा त्वं नरसत्तम ॥२३॥

23. evamuktvābhivādyātha tamṛṣiṁ lokapūjitam ,
śrānto nyaṣīdaddharmātmā yathā tvaṁ narasattama.

23. evam uktvā abhivādya atha tam ṛṣim lokapūjitam
śrāntaḥ nyaṣīdat dharmātmā yathā tvam narasattama

23. atha evam uktvā lokapūjitam tam ṛṣim abhivādya
śrāntaḥ dharmātmā nyaṣīdat yathā tvam narasattama

23. Having thus spoken and then greeted that sage, who was revered by all people, the weary one, whose intrinsic nature (dharma) was righteousness, sat down, just as you would, O best among men.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

• अभिवाद्य (abhivādya) - having greeted, having bowed down to

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, moreover

• तम् (tam) - that, him

• ऋषिम् (ṛṣim) - sage, seer, inspired poet

• लोकपूजितम् (lokapūjitam) - revered by the world, honored by people

• श्रान्तः (śrāntaḥ) - tired, weary, exhausted

• न्यषीदत् (nyaṣīdat) - sat down

• धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - the one whose intrinsic nature (dharma) was righteousness (one whose soul is righteousness, righteous-souled, virtuous)

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like

• त्वम् (tvam) - Refers to the narrator's interlocutor, implying a comparison to the king's dignified conduct. (you)

• नरसत्तम (narasattama) - O best among men, O excellent man

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root vac (to speak) with suffix -ktvā

Root: vac (class 2)

अभिवाद्य (abhivādya) - having greeted, having bowed down to

(indeclinable)

absolutive (lYAP)

Derived from root vand (to salute, praise) with upasarga abhi- and suffix -ya (lYAP form)

Prefix: abhi

Root: vand (class 1)

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon, moreover

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - that, him

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

ऋषिम् (ṛṣim) - sage, seer, inspired poet

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

लोकपूजितम् (lokapūjitam) - revered by the world, honored by people

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of lokapūjita

lokapūjita - revered by the world, honored by people

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (loka+pūjita)

• loka – world, people, folk
  noun (masculine)
• pūjita – honored, worshipped, revered
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root pūj (to honor, worship) with suffix -ita
  Root: pūj (class 10)

Note: Qualifies ṛṣim

श्रान्तः (śrāntaḥ) - tired, weary, exhausted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrānta

śrānta - tired, weary, exhausted

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root śram (to be weary) with suffix -ta

Root: śram (class 4)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject, the king

न्यषीदत् (nyaṣīdat) - sat down

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of ni-ṣad

Imperfect

Prefix: ni

Root: ṣad (class 1)

धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - the one whose intrinsic nature (dharma) was righteousness (one whose soul is righteousness, righteous-souled, virtuous)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmātman

dharmātman - one whose soul/nature is righteousness, virtuous, righteous-souled

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dharma+ātman)

• dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, constitution
  noun (masculine)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence, nature
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the king

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like

(indeclinable)

त्वम् (tvam) - Refers to the narrator's interlocutor, implying a comparison to the king's dignified conduct. (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

नरसत्तम (narasattama) - O best among men, O excellent man

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of narasattama

narasattama - best among men, excellent man

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+sattama)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  superlative
  Superlative degree of 'sat' (good)

Note: Addressed to the listener