योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-134, verse-44

हा कष्टं क्व गता पृथ्वी क्व गता जलराशयः ।
क्व गता जनसंघाताः क्व गता धरणीधराः ॥ ४४ ॥

hā kaṣṭaṃ kva gatā pṛthvī kva gatā jalarāśayaḥ ,
kva gatā janasaṃghātāḥ kva gatā dharaṇīdharāḥ 44

44. hā kaṣṭam kva gatā pṛthvī kva gatā jalarāśayaḥ
kva gatā janasaṃghātāḥ kva gatā dharaṇīdharāḥ

44. hā kaṣṭam pṛthvī kva gatā jalarāśayaḥ kva gatā
janasaṃghātāḥ kva gatā dharaṇīdharāḥ kva gatā

44. Alas, how lamentable! Where has the earth gone? Where have the oceans gone? Where have the multitudes of people gone? Where have the mountains gone?

Words meanings summery:

• हा (hā) - Alas!, Oh!

• कष्टम् (kaṣṭam) - how lamentable, woe (woe, lamentable, difficult, painful)

• क्व (kva) - where?

• गता (gatā) - gone, departed, arrived at

• पृथ्वी (pṛthvī) - earth, ground

• क्व (kva) - where?

• गता (gatā) - gone, departed, arrived at

• जलराशयः (jalarāśayaḥ) - oceans, masses of water

• क्व (kva) - where?

• गता (gatā) - gone, departed, arrived at

• जनसंघाताः (janasaṁghātāḥ) - multitudes of people, human populations, crowds

• क्व (kva) - where?

• गता (gatā) - gone, departed, arrived at

• धरणीधराः (dharaṇīdharāḥ) - mountains (lit. earth-supporters)

Words meanings and morphology

हा (hā) - Alas!, Oh!

(indeclinable)

Note: Interjection expressing sorrow or lament.

कष्टम् (kaṣṭam) - how lamentable, woe (woe, lamentable, difficult, painful)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kaṣṭa

kaṣṭa - pain, suffering, difficulty, trouble; lamentable, difficult, bad

Note: Used here as an exclamation, similar to an adverbial usage or nominative of exclamation.

क्व (kva) - where?

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative adverb of place.

गता (gatā) - gone, departed, arrived at

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gata

gata - gone, departed, reached, arrived, passed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root gam with the suffix -ta.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Though grammatically feminine singular here, it is repeated for masculine plural nouns later in the verse due to poetic license.

पृथ्वी (pṛthvī) - earth, ground

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pṛthvī

pṛthvī - the earth, ground, land

क्व (kva) - where?

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative adverb of place.

गता (gatā) - gone, departed, arrived at

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gata

gata - gone, departed, reached, arrived, passed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root gam with the suffix -ta.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Though grammatically feminine singular here, it is repeated for masculine plural nouns later in the verse due to poetic license.

जलराशयः (jalarāśayaḥ) - oceans, masses of water

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jalarāśi

jalarāśi - ocean, sea, mass of water

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jala+rāśi)

• jala – water
  noun (neuter)
• rāśi – heap, pile, mass, quantity, collection
  noun (masculine)

क्व (kva) - where?

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative adverb of place.

गता (gatā) - gone, departed, arrived at

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gata

gata - gone, departed, reached, arrived, passed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root gam with the suffix -ta.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Though grammatically feminine singular here, it is repeated for masculine plural nouns later in the verse due to poetic license.

जनसंघाताः (janasaṁghātāḥ) - multitudes of people, human populations, crowds

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of janasaṃghāta

janasaṁghāta - crowd of people, multitude of men, aggregate of people

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jana+saṃghāta)

• jana – person, people, human being
  noun (masculine)
• saṃghāta – crowd, multitude, collection, aggregate, mass
  noun (masculine)

क्व (kva) - where?

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative adverb of place.

गता (gatā) - gone, departed, arrived at

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gata

gata - gone, departed, reached, arrived, passed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root gam with the suffix -ta.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Though grammatically feminine singular here, it is repeated for masculine plural nouns later in the verse due to poetic license.

धरणीधराः (dharaṇīdharāḥ) - mountains (lit. earth-supporters)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dharaṇīdhara

dharaṇīdhara - mountain (literally 'earth-supporter')

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (dharaṇī+dhara)

• dharaṇī – the earth, ground, land
  noun (feminine)
• dhara – holding, bearing, supporting
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/suffix
  Derived from root dhṛ 'to hold' + -a suffix.
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)