योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-2, verse-41

अपुनर्दर्शनायैव दग्धसंशुष्कपर्णवत् ।
चित्तं विगलितं विद्धि वह्नौ घृतलवं यथा ॥ ४१ ॥

apunardarśanāyaiva dagdhasaṃśuṣkaparṇavat ,
cittaṃ vigalitaṃ viddhi vahnau ghṛtalavaṃ yathā 41

41. apunardarśanāya eva dagdhasaṃśuṣkaparṇavat
cittam vigalitam viddhi vahnau ghṛtalavam yathā

41. cittam apunardarśanāya eva dagdhasaṃśuṣkaparṇavat
vahnau ghṛtalavam yathā vigalitam viddhi

41. Know that the mind (citta) completely dissolves, never to be seen again, just like a drop of clarified butter (ghṛta) in a fire, or like a leaf that is burnt and thoroughly dried.

Words meanings summery:

• अपुनर्दर्शनाय (apunardarśanāya) - for complete and permanent disappearance (for non-reappearance, for not being seen again)

• एव (eva) - indeed, emphatically (indeed, only, certainly)

• दग्धसंशुष्कपर्णवत् (dagdhasaṁśuṣkaparṇavat) - like a leaf that is completely burnt and dried (like a burnt and thoroughly dried leaf)

• चित्तम् (cittam) - the mind (citta) (mind, thought, consciousness)

• विगलितम् (vigalitam) - completely dissolved/vanished (dissolved, melted away, completely vanished)

• विद्धि (viddhi) - know (this truth)! (know!, understand!)

• वह्नौ (vahnau) - in the fire (in fire)

• घृतलवम् (ghṛtalavam) - a single drop of clarified butter (ghṛta) (a drop of ghee)

• यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, according to)

Words meanings and morphology

अपुनर्दर्शनाय (apunardarśanāya) - for complete and permanent disappearance (for non-reappearance, for not being seen again)

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of apunardarśana

apunardarśana - non-reappearance, not being seen again

Compound: `a-` (neg.) + `punar` (again) + `darśana` (seeing). Nañ-tatpuruṣa within.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+punar+darśana)

• a – not, non
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• punar – again, back, anew
  indeclinable
• darśana – seeing, perception, appearance
  noun (neuter)
  From `√dṛś` (to see)
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Expresses purpose ("for the sake of non-reappearance").

एव (eva) - indeed, emphatically (indeed, only, certainly)

(indeclinable)

दग्धसंशुष्कपर्णवत् (dagdhasaṁśuṣkaparṇavat) - like a leaf that is completely burnt and dried (like a burnt and thoroughly dried leaf)

(indeclinable)

Compound: `dagdha` (burnt) + `saṃśuṣka` (thoroughly dried) + `parṇa` (leaf) + `vat` (like). Tatpuruṣa compound + `vat` suffix.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dagdha+saṃśuṣka+parṇa+vat)

• dagdha – burnt, consumed by fire
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From `√dah` (to burn)
  Root: dah (class 1)
• saṃśuṣka – thoroughly dried, withered
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From `sam-√śuṣ` (to dry up completely)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: śuṣ (class 4)
• parṇa – leaf, feather
  noun (neuter)
• vat – like, as, in the manner of
  indeclinable
  Taddhita suffix indicating similarity

Note: Adverbial modifier comparing the mind's dissolution.

चित्तम् (cittam) - the mind (citta) (mind, thought, consciousness)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of citta

citta - mind, thought, intellect, consciousness

From `√cit` (to perceive, to understand).

Root: cit (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

विगलितम् (vigalitam) - completely dissolved/vanished (dissolved, melted away, completely vanished)

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vigalita

vigalita - dissolved, melted, decayed, gone, vanished

Past Passive Participle

From `vi-√gal` (to drop, to melt away)

Prefix: vi

Root: gal (class 1)

Note: Predicate to 'cittam'.

विद्धि (viddhi) - know (this truth)! (know!, understand!)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (lot) of viddhi

Imperative, 2nd person singular, active voice

Irregular imperative form of `√vid` (to know), class 2.

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

वह्नौ (vahnau) - in the fire (in fire)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vahni

vahni - fire, god of fire (Agni)

From `√vah` (to carry, to convey - referring to carrying oblations).

Root: vah (class 1)

घृतलवम् (ghṛtalavam) - a single drop of clarified butter (ghṛta) (a drop of ghee)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ghṛtalava

ghṛtalava - a drop or fragment of ghee

Compound: `ghṛta` (ghee) + `lava` (drop, fragment). Tatpuruṣa.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ghṛta+lava)

• ghṛta – ghee, clarified butter
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From `√ghṛ` (to sprinkle, to shine), specifically 'glowing/purified fat'
  Root: ghṛ (class 3)
• lava – drop, fragment, particle, bit
  noun (masculine)
  From `√lū` (to cut)
  Root: lū (class 9)

Note: Object of comparison with 'cittam'.

यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, according to)

(indeclinable)

Correlative adverb to `tathā` (so) often implied.