योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-101, verse-37

तपो नाम कियन्मात्रदुःखक्षयकरं भवेत् ।
क्षयातिशयनिर्मुक्तं यत्सुखं समतामयम् ॥ ३७ ॥

tapo nāma kiyanmātraduḥkhakṣayakaraṃ bhavet ,
kṣayātiśayanirmuktaṃ yatsukhaṃ samatāmayam 37

37. tapaḥ nāma kiyat-mātra-duḥkha-kṣaya-karam bhavet
kṣaya-atiśaya-nirmuktam yat sukham samatā-mayam

37. tapaḥ nāma kiyat-mātra-duḥkha-kṣaya-karam bhavet? yat sukham kṣaya-atiśaya-nirmuktam samatā-mayam (tat sukham eva).

37. What kind of ascetic practice (tapas) can merely bring about the cessation of a limited amount of suffering? (True happiness is) that which is free from decay and excess, and is characterized by equanimity (samatā).

37. הרי הסיגוף (תָפַּס) מביא רק לכליין זעיר של הסבל, בעוד שהאושר הנובע משוויון נפש חופשי מכל דעיכה או מגבלה.

Words meanings summery:

• तपः (tapaḥ) - ascetic practice (tapas) (asceticism, austerity, religious penance, spiritual fervor)

• नाम (nāma) - specifically, indeed (used to emphasize a question or statement) (name, by name, indeed, specifically, truly)

• कियत्-मात्र-दुःख-क्षय-करम् (kiyat-mātra-duḥkha-kṣaya-karam) - merely causing the cessation of a limited amount of suffering (merely causing the destruction of a certain amount of suffering)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - would be, can be (may be, should be, would be)

• क्षय-अतिशय-निर्मुक्तम् (kṣaya-atiśaya-nirmuktam) - free from decay and excess (freed from decay and excess/increase)

• यत् (yat) - that which (which, what, that (relative pronoun))

• सुखम् (sukham) - happiness (happiness, joy, pleasure, ease)

• समता-मयम् (samatā-mayam) - characterized by equanimity (samatā) (consisting of equanimity, full of impartiality, characterized by sameness)

Words meanings and morphology

तपः (tapaḥ) - ascetic practice (tapas) (asceticism, austerity, religious penance, spiritual fervor)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - asceticism, austerity, religious penance, heat, spiritual fervor

Derived from root 'tap' (to heat, to suffer penance).

Root: tap (class 1)

नाम (nāma) - specifically, indeed (used to emphasize a question or statement) (name, by name, indeed, specifically, truly)

(indeclinable)

कियत्-मात्र-दुःख-क्षय-करम् (kiyat-mātra-duḥkha-kṣaya-karam) - merely causing the cessation of a limited amount of suffering (merely causing the destruction of a certain amount of suffering)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kiyat-mātra-duḥkha-kṣaya-kara

kiyat-mātra-duḥkha-kṣaya-kara - merely causing the destruction of a certain amount of suffering

Compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kiyat-mātra+duḥkha+kṣaya+kara)

• kiyat-mātra – merely, only a certain amount
  adjective
  Compound of kiyat (how much) and mātra (only, measure).
• duḥkha – suffering, pain, sorrow
  noun (neuter)
• kṣaya – destruction, decay, loss, cessation
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'kṣi' (to perish).
  Root: kṣi (class 1)
• kara – causing, making, doing, doer
  adjective (masculine/neuter)
  agent noun / verbal adjective
  From root 'kṛ' (to do).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with `tapas`.

भवेत् (bhavet) - would be, can be (may be, should be, would be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Optative mood, 3rd person singular.

Parasmaipada.

Root: bhū (class 1)

क्षय-अतिशय-निर्मुक्तम् (kṣaya-atiśaya-nirmuktam) - free from decay and excess (freed from decay and excess/increase)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṣaya-atiśaya-nirmukta

kṣaya-atiśaya-nirmukta - freed from decay and excess/increase

Compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣaya+atiśaya+nirmukta)

• kṣaya – decay, destruction, loss
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'kṣi'.
  Root: kṣi (class 1)
• atiśaya – excess, abundance, increase, superiority
  noun (masculine)
  From `ati` + root `śī` (to lie, surpass).
  Prefix: ati
  Root: śī (class 2)
• nirmukta – freed, released, liberated
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Formed from `nir` + root `muc` (to release).
  Prefix: nir
  Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Agrees with `sukham`.

यत् (yat) - that which (which, what, that (relative pronoun))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun)

Note: Agrees with `sukham`.

सुखम् (sukham) - happiness (happiness, joy, pleasure, ease)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, joy, pleasure, ease

समता-मयम् (samatā-mayam) - characterized by equanimity (samatā) (consisting of equanimity, full of impartiality, characterized by sameness)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of samatā-maya

samatā-maya - consisting of equanimity, full of impartiality, characterized by sameness

Compound, where `-maya` means 'consisting of' or 'full of'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (samatā+maya)

• samatā – equanimity, equality, impartiality, sameness
  noun (feminine)
  From `sama` (equal) + `tā` (suffix for abstract noun).
• maya – consisting of, full of, made of
  suffix/adjective
  `pratyaya` (suffix) forming adjectives.

Note: Agrees with `sukham`.

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