योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-32, verse-48

गीतिभिर्गगनाभोगैस्ते जीवन्ति मृताः परे ।
परमं पौरुषं यत्नमास्थायादाय सूद्यमम् ॥ ४८ ॥

gītibhirgaganābhogaiste jīvanti mṛtāḥ pare ,
paramaṃ pauruṣaṃ yatnamāsthāyādāya sūdyamam 48

48. gītibhiḥ gaganābhogaiḥ te jīvanti mṛtāḥ pare |
paramam pauruṣam yatnam āsthāya ādāya sūdyamam ||

48. mṛtāḥ pare te gaganābhogaiḥ gītibhiḥ jīvanti paramam
pauruṣam yatnam āsthāya sūdyamam ādāya (ca) (te जीवन्ति)

48. Those others, though dead, live on through songs that pervade the vastness of the sky. (This is achieved) by undertaking supreme human effort (puruṣārtham) and applying diligent exertion.

Words meanings summery:

• गीतिभिः (gītibhiḥ) - by songs, with songs

• गगनाभोगैः (gaganābhogaiḥ) - by the vastness of the sky, pervading the sky

• ते (te) - those

• जीवन्ति (jīvanti) - they live

• मृताः (mṛtāḥ) - dead

• परे (pare) - others, beyond

• परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest

• पौरुषम् (pauruṣam) - human effort (puruṣārtham) (human, manly, pertaining to human effort (puruṣārtha))

• यत्नम् (yatnam) - effort, exertion

• आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having undertaken, having adopted

• आदाय (ādāya) - having taken, having applied

• सूद्यमम् (sūdyamam) - good exertion, diligent effort

Words meanings and morphology

गीतिभिः (gītibhiḥ) - by songs, with songs

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of gīti

gīti - song, singing, melody

From √gai (to sing).

Root: √gai

गगनाभोगैः (gaganābhogaiḥ) - by the vastness of the sky, pervading the sky

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of gaganābhoga

gaganābhoga - pervasion of the sky, vastness of the sky

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gagana+ābhoga)

• gagana – sky, atmosphere
  noun (neuter)
• ābhoga – pervasion, extent, fullness, enjoyment
  noun (masculine)
  From ā-bhuj (to enjoy, encompass).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: √bhuj (class 7)

ते (te) - those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the 'whose fame' group from the previous verse.

जीवन्ति (jīvanti) - they live

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, Present Indicative (Laṭ) of √jīv

Present Tense

Parasmaipada.

Root: √jīv (class 1)

मृताः (mṛtāḥ) - dead

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mṛta

mṛta - dead, deceased

Past Passive Participle

From √mṛ (to die).

Root: √mṛ

परे (pare) - others, beyond

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of para

para - other, subsequent, supreme, beyond

Note: Refers to 'those others'.

परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of parama

parama - supreme, highest, ultimate

Superlative form of 'para'.

पौरुषम् (pauruṣam) - human effort (puruṣārtham) (human, manly, pertaining to human effort (puruṣārtha))

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pauruṣa

pauruṣa - human, manly, pertaining to a man/human; human effort (puruṣārtha)

From 'puruṣa' (human, person).

Note: Refers to 'puruṣārtham'.

यत्नम् (yatnam) - effort, exertion

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yatna

yatna - effort, exertion, endeavor

From √yat (to strive).

Root: √yat (class 1)

Note: Object of the absolutive 'āsthāya'.

आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having undertaken, having adopted

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From √sthā with prefix 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: √sthā (class 1)

Note: Followed by another absolutive 'ādāya'.

आदाय (ādāya) - having taken, having applied

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From √dā with prefix 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: √dā (class 3)

Note: Governs 'sūdyamam'.

सूद्यमम् (sūdyamam) - good exertion, diligent effort

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sūdyama

sūdyama - good exertion, diligent effort, active

Compound of 'su' (good) and 'udyamam' (exertion).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+udyamam)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• udyamam – exertion, effort, enterprise
  noun (masculine)
  From 'ud-yam' (to raise, exert).
  Prefix: ud
  Root: √yam (class 1)