योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-32, verse-42

अक्षयं भवति श्रेयः कृतं येन गुणैर्यशः ।
येषां गुणेष्वसंतोषो रागो येषां श्रुतं प्रति ॥ ४२ ॥

akṣayaṃ bhavati śreyaḥ kṛtaṃ yena guṇairyaśaḥ ,
yeṣāṃ guṇeṣvasaṃtoṣo rāgo yeṣāṃ śrutaṃ prati 42

42. akṣayam bhavati śreyaḥ kṛtam yena guṇaiḥ yaśaḥ
yeṣām guṇeṣu asaṃtoṣaḥ rāgaḥ yeṣām śrutam prati

42. yena guṇaiḥ kṛtam śreyaḥ yaśaḥ akṣayam bhavati
yeṣām guṇeṣu asaṃtoṣaḥ yeṣām śrutam prati rāgaḥ

42. Imperishable merit (śreyas) and fame (yaśas) are attained by one who acts with virtues. Such are those who possess dissatisfaction concerning (undesirable) qualities and whose attachment (rāga) is directed towards sacred knowledge (śruta).

Words meanings summery:

• अक्षयम् (akṣayam) - imperishable, indestructible, eternal

• भवति (bhavati) - becomes, is, exists

• श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - good, welfare, merit, prosperity, superior

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, made, accomplished

• येन (yena) - by whom (referring to the agent) (by whom, by which (masc./neut. instr. sing.))

• गुणैः (guṇaiḥ) - by qualities, with virtues, by merits

• यशः (yaśaḥ) - fame, glory, renown

• येषाम् (yeṣām) - of whom, whose (genitive plural)

• गुणेषु (guṇeṣu) - in qualities, concerning qualities, regarding merits

• असंतोषः (asaṁtoṣaḥ) - dissatisfaction with (undesirable) qualities, implying a desire for improvement (dissatisfaction, discontent, lack of satisfaction)

• रागः (rāgaḥ) - positive attachment, inclination (attachment, desire, passion, color)

• येषाम् (yeṣām) - of whom, whose (genitive plural)

• श्रुतम् (śrutam) - sacred knowledge, learning, what has been heard

• प्रति (prati) - towards, concerning (towards, against, regarding, concerning)

Words meanings and morphology

अक्षयम् (akṣayam) - imperishable, indestructible, eternal

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of akṣaya

akṣaya - imperishable, indestructible, eternal, undecaying

a (negation) + kṣaya (decay)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+kṣaya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negation prefix
• kṣaya – decay, destruction, end, loss
  noun (masculine)
  from root kṣi (to decay, destroy)
  Root: kṣi (class 1)

Note: Agrees with śreyaḥ.

भवति (bhavati) - becomes, is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Parasmaipada form.

Root: bhū (class 1)

श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - good, welfare, merit, prosperity, superior

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śreyas

śreyas - good, merit, prosperity, auspiciousness, superior

Comparative degree of śrī.

Note: Subject of bhavati.

कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, made, accomplished

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, accomplished, acted

past passive participle

Formed from root kṛ (to do, make) with suffix kta

Root: kṛ (class 8)

येन (yena) - by whom (referring to the agent) (by whom, by which (masc./neut. instr. sing.))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, that

Note: Indicates the agent of kṛtam.

गुणैः (guṇaiḥ) - by qualities, with virtues, by merits

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, virtue, merit, attribute

Note: Instrumental of association/manner with kṛtam.

यशः (yaśaḥ) - fame, glory, renown

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yaśas

yaśas - fame, glory, renown, honor

Note: Co-subject with śreyaḥ of bhavati.

येषाम् (yeṣām) - of whom, whose (genitive plural)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what, that

Note: Possessive, 'for whom there is...'

गुणेषु (guṇeṣu) - in qualities, concerning qualities, regarding merits

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, virtue, merit, attribute

Note: Locative of relation/topic, 'concerning qualities'.

असंतोषः (asaṁtoṣaḥ) - dissatisfaction with (undesirable) qualities, implying a desire for improvement (dissatisfaction, discontent, lack of satisfaction)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of asaṃtoṣa

asaṁtoṣa - dissatisfaction, discontent, unhappiness

a (negation) + saṃtoṣa (satisfaction)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+saṃtoṣa)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negation prefix
• saṃtoṣa – satisfaction, contentment
  noun (masculine)
  sam (prefix) + tuṣ (root) + a (suffix)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: tuṣ (class 4)

Note: Subject (or part of the subject phrase) for an implied verb 'is'.

रागः (rāgaḥ) - positive attachment, inclination (attachment, desire, passion, color)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāga

rāga - color, dye, passion, affection, attachment, desire

from root rañj (to color, dye, be attached)

Root: rañj (class 1)

Note: Co-subject with asaṃtoṣaḥ.

येषाम् (yeṣām) - of whom, whose (genitive plural)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what, that

Note: Possessive, 'for whom there is...'

श्रुतम् (śrutam) - sacred knowledge, learning, what has been heard

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śruta

śruta - heard, listened, sacred knowledge, learning, tradition

past passive participle

From root śru (to hear) with suffix kta. Used as a noun.

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Object of prati.

प्रति (prati) - towards, concerning (towards, against, regarding, concerning)

(indeclinable)

Used as a prefix or preposition governing accusative.

Note: Governs śrutam.