योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-32, verse-57

सुप्तं मास्थीयतां वृद्धकच्छपेनेव पल्वले ।
उत्थानमङ्गीक्रियतां जरामरणशान्तये ॥ ५७ ॥

suptaṃ māsthīyatāṃ vṛddhakacchapeneva palvale ,
utthānamaṅgīkriyatāṃ jarāmaraṇaśāntaye 57

57. suptam mā āsthīyatām vṛddhakacchapena iva
palvale utthānam aṅgīkriyatām jarāmaraṇaśāntaye

57. vṛddhakacchapena palvale iva suptam mā āsthīyatām
jarāmaraṇaśāntaye utthānam aṅgīkriyatām

57. Do not remain dormant, like an old tortoise in a shallow pond. Let an awakening be embraced for the pacification of old age and death.

Words meanings summery:

• सुप्तम् (suptam) - asleep, dormant, sleeping

• मा (mā) - prohibitive particle with imperative (do not, not)

• आस्थीयताम् (āsthīyatām) - do not remain in a state of sleep (let it be stayed, let one remain, let one be situated)

• वृद्धकच्छपेन (vṛddhakacchapena) - by an old tortoise

• इव (iva) - like, as, as it were

• पल्वले (palvale) - metaphorical for a limited, stagnant situation or state of mind (in a small pond, in a puddle)

• उत्थानम् (utthānam) - spiritual awakening or undertaking an effort for liberation (rising, awakening, exertion, effort, initiation)

• अङ्गीक्रियताम् (aṅgīkriyatām) - let it be accepted, let it be adopted, let it be undertaken

• जरामरणशान्तये (jarāmaraṇaśāntaye) - for the pacification of old age and death

Words meanings and morphology

सुप्तम् (suptam) - asleep, dormant, sleeping

(verbal derivative)

Note: Used predicatively with 'āsthīyatām'.

मा (mā) - prohibitive particle with imperative (do not, not)

(indeclinable)

आस्थीयताम् (āsthīyatām) - do not remain in a state of sleep (let it be stayed, let one remain, let one be situated)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of āsthīya

Gerundive

From root √sthā (to stand, stay) with prefix ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: The ending -tām indicates 3rd person singular imperative passive. Used impersonally here, 'let one not be stayed (asleep)'.

वृद्धकच्छपेन (vṛddhakacchapena) - by an old tortoise

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vṛddhakacchapa

vṛddhakacchapa - an old tortoise

Compound type : karmadhāraya (vṛddha+kacchapa)

• vṛddha – old, aged, grown, increased
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √vṛdh (to grow, increase)
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)
• kacchapa – tortoise, turtle
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used to express comparison with 'iva'.

इव (iva) - like, as, as it were

(indeclinable)

पल्वले (palvale) - metaphorical for a limited, stagnant situation or state of mind (in a small pond, in a puddle)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of palvala

palvala - a small pond, a puddle, a marsh

उत्थानम् (utthānam) - spiritual awakening or undertaking an effort for liberation (rising, awakening, exertion, effort, initiation)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of utthāna

utthāna - rising, getting up, awakening, exertion, effort, undertaking

From root √sthā (to stand) with prefixes ut- and ā-

Prefixes: ud+ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

अङ्गीक्रियताम् (aṅgīkriyatām) - let it be accepted, let it be adopted, let it be undertaken

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of aṅgīkṛ

Compound verb formed from 'aṅgin' (having a body/part) or 'aṅga' (part) and √kṛ (to do, make). Here 'aṅgīkṛ' is treated as a single verbal root meaning 'to accept'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: The ending -tām indicates 3rd person singular imperative passive.

जरामरणशान्तये (jarāmaraṇaśāntaye) - for the pacification of old age and death

(noun)

Dative, feminine, singular of jarāmaraṇaśānti

jarāmaraṇaśānti - the pacification or cessation of old age and death

Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa (jarā+maraṇa+śānti)

• jarā – old age, decay, decrepitude
  noun (feminine)
  From root √jṝ (to become old, decay)
  Root: jṝ (class 9)
• maraṇa – death, dying
  noun (neuter)
  From root √mṛ (to die)
  Root: mṛ (class 6)
• śānti – peace, tranquility, pacification, cessation
  noun (feminine)
  From root √śam (to be quiet, cease)
  Root: śam (class 4)