योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-23, verse-51

त्यजत्स्वात्मसुखं सौम्यं मनो विषयविद्रुतम् ।
अङ्कुशेनेव नागेन्द्रं विचारेण वशं नयेत् ॥ ५१ ॥

tyajatsvātmasukhaṃ saumyaṃ mano viṣayavidrutam ,
aṅkuśeneva nāgendraṃ vicāreṇa vaśaṃ nayet 51

51. tyajat sva ātma sukhaṃ saumyaṃ manaḥ viṣaya vidrutam
aṅkuśena iva nāga indram vicāreṇa vaśaṃ nayet

51. saumyaṃ sva ātma sukhaṃ tyajat viṣaya vidrutam manaḥ
aṅkuśena iva nāga indram [vaśaṃ nayet] vicāreṇa vaśaṃ nayet

51. One should bring under control the gentle mind (manas), which abandons its own intrinsic happiness and is scattered by sense objects, just as one would guide a great elephant with a goad, by means of discernment (vicāra).

Words meanings summery:

• त्यजत् (tyajat) - the mind abandoning (its happiness) (abandoning, leaving, giving up)

• स्व (sva) - own, one's own

• आत्म (ātma) - inner or spiritual essence (self, soul, essence)

• सुखं (sukhaṁ) - intrinsic happiness (happiness, joy, ease, comfort)

• सौम्यं (saumyaṁ) - gentle (mind) (gentle, tranquil, mild, auspicious)

• मनः (manaḥ) - mind, intellect, consciousness

• विषय (viṣaya) - sense objects (object of sense, sphere, domain, subject)

• विद्रुतम् (vidrutam) - scattered (by sense objects) (scattered, dispersed, fled, run away)

• अङ्कुशेन (aṅkuśena) - by a goad, by an elephant hook

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• नाग (nāga) - elephant (serpent, elephant, mountain)

• इन्द्रम् (indram) - chief of elephants, i.e., great elephant (chief, lord, king (accusative of Indra or indra))

• विचारेण (vicāreṇa) - by discernment (vicāra) (by deliberation, by consideration, by investigation, by discernment)

• वशं (vaśaṁ) - under control (control, power, subjection)

• नयेत् (nayet) - should lead, should guide, should bring

Words meanings and morphology

त्यजत् (tyajat) - the mind abandoning (its happiness) (abandoning, leaving, giving up)

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tyajat

tyajat - abandoning, leaving, giving up

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root tyaj (to abandon) with the śatṛ suffix

Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'manaḥ'

स्व (sva) - own, one's own

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sva

sva - own, one's own, self

Note: Used as part of the compound 'svātmasukham'

आत्म (ātma) - inner or spiritual essence (self, soul, essence)

(noun)

masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, individual soul, essence

Root: an (class 2)

Note: Used as part of the compound 'svātmasukham'

सुखं (sukhaṁ) - intrinsic happiness (happiness, joy, ease, comfort)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, joy, ease, comfort

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+ātman+sukha)

• sva – own, one's own
  pronoun (neuter)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, individual soul, essence
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)
• sukha – happiness, joy, ease, comfort
  noun (neuter)

सौम्यं (saumyaṁ) - gentle (mind) (gentle, tranquil, mild, auspicious)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of saumya

saumya - gentle, tranquil, mild, auspicious, lunar

Note: Agrees with 'manaḥ' (neuter accusative for 'manaḥ' when in direct object position, as implied by 'vaśaṃ nayet' which expects 'manaḥ' as object, or as nominative if it's the subject, but it's an object of 'nayet')

मनः (manaḥ) - mind, intellect, consciousness

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, consciousness, heart, understanding

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Grammatically nominative, but functions as the object of 'nayet' in 'vaśaṃ nayet'.

विषय (viṣaya) - sense objects (object of sense, sphere, domain, subject)

(noun)

masculine, singular of viṣaya

viṣaya - object of sense, sphere, domain, subject

Note: Used as the first part of the compound 'viṣayavidrutam'

विद्रुतम् (vidrutam) - scattered (by sense objects) (scattered, dispersed, fled, run away)

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vidruta

vidruta - scattered, dispersed, fled, run away

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root dru (to run) with prefix vi-, and the -ta suffix

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (viṣaya+vidruta)

• viṣaya – object of sense, sphere, domain, subject
  noun (masculine)
• vidruta – scattered, dispersed, fled, run away
  participle (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root dru (to run) with prefix vi-, and the -ta suffix
  Prefix: vi
  Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'manaḥ'

अङ्कुशेन (aṅkuśena) - by a goad, by an elephant hook

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of aṅkuśa

aṅkuśa - goad, elephant hook

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

नाग (nāga) - elephant (serpent, elephant, mountain)

(noun)

masculine, singular of nāga

nāga - serpent, elephant, mountain, cloud

Note: Used as the first part of the compound 'nāgendram'

इन्द्रम् (indram) - chief of elephants, i.e., great elephant (chief, lord, king (accusative of Indra or indra))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of indra

indra - lord, chief, king; name of the Vedic deity

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nāga+indra)

• nāga – serpent, elephant, mountain, cloud
  noun (masculine)
• indra – lord, chief, king; name of the Vedic deity
  noun (masculine)

विचारेण (vicāreṇa) - by discernment (vicāra) (by deliberation, by consideration, by investigation, by discernment)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vicāra

vicāra - deliberation, consideration, investigation, discernment, reflection

Prefix: vi

Root: car (class 1)

वशं (vaśaṁ) - under control (control, power, subjection)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vaśa

vaśa - control, power, subjection, will

Root: vaś (class 2)

Note: Used with 'nayet' to mean 'bring under control'

नयेत् (nayet) - should lead, should guide, should bring

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of nī

Optative mood

Root nī (to lead), optative mood, parasmaipada

Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Implies an agent 'one' or 'a wise person'