योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-23, verse-49

भोगेच्छाकृपणाञ्जन्तून्दीनान्दीनेन्द्रियाणि च ।
अनुन्मत्तमनाः शान्तो हसत्युन्मत्तकानिव ॥ ४९ ॥

bhogecchākṛpaṇāñjantūndīnāndīnendriyāṇi ca ,
anunmattamanāḥ śānto hasatyunmattakāniva 49

49. bhoga-icchā-kṛpaṇān jantūn dīnān dīna-indriyāṇi
ca an-unmatta-manāḥ śāntaḥ hasati unmattakān iva

49. an-unmatta-manāḥ śāntaḥ bhoga-icchā-kṛpaṇān jantūn
dīnān dīna-indriyāṇi ca unmattakān iva hasati

49. The serene one, whose mind is undisturbed (anunmatta-manas), laughs at beings who are pathetic due to their craving for worldly enjoyment (bhoga), and at those with pitiable, weakened senses, treating them as if they were madmen.

Words meanings summery:

• भोग-इच्छा-कृपणान् (bhoga-icchā-kṛpaṇān) - wretched due to desire for enjoyment (bhoga)

• जन्तून् (jantūn) - beings, creatures, living beings

• दीनान् (dīnān) - miserable, wretched, afflicted

• दीन-इन्द्रियाणि (dīna-indriyāṇi) - whose senses are miserable/weak

• च (ca) - and, also

• अन्-उन्मत्त-मनाः (an-unmatta-manāḥ) - one whose mind is not mad, sane-minded, undisturbed mind

• शान्तः (śāntaḥ) - peaceful, tranquil, calm

• हसति (hasati) - he laughs, he smiles, he laughs at

• उन्मत्तकान् (unmattakān) - madmen, insane persons

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

Words meanings and morphology

भोग-इच्छा-कृपणान् (bhoga-icchā-kṛpaṇān) - wretched due to desire for enjoyment (bhoga)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhogecchākṛpaṇa

bhogecchākṛpaṇa - wretched by desire for enjoyment

Compound type : Tatpurusha (bhogecchā+kṛpaṇa)

• bhogecchā – desire for enjoyment
  noun (feminine)
  Compound of `bhoga` (enjoyment) and `icchā` (desire).
• kṛpaṇa – wretched, miserable, poor, stingy
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: kḷp (class 10)

Note: Describes `jantūn`.

जन्तून् (jantūn) - beings, creatures, living beings

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of jantu

jantu - creature, living being, person

From root `jan` (to be born).

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Object of `hasati`.

दीनान् (dīnān) - miserable, wretched, afflicted

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dīna

dīna - miserable, wretched, pitiable, distressed

Past Passive Participle

From root `dā` (to give, protect) or `day` (to pity).

Root: dā / day (class 3)

Note: Modifies `jantūn` (implicit).

दीन-इन्द्रियाणि (dīna-indriyāṇi) - whose senses are miserable/weak

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of dīnedriya

dīnedriya - one whose senses are miserable/weak

Compound.

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (dīna+indriya)

• dīna – miserable, wretched, pitiable, distressed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `dā` (to give, protect) or `day` (to pity).
  Root: dā / day (class 3)
• indriya – sense, sensory organ, power, faculty
  noun (neuter)
  From `Indra`.

Note: Object of `hasati` as 'those with miserable senses'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अन्-उन्मत्त-मनाः (an-unmatta-manāḥ) - one whose mind is not mad, sane-minded, undisturbed mind

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anunmattamana

anunmattamana - one whose mind is not mad, sane-minded

Compound.

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (an+unmatta+manas)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix before a vowel.
• unmatta – mad, insane, infatuated, excited
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `mad` (to be mad, intoxicated) with prefix `ud`.
  Prefix: ud
  Root: mad (class 4)
• manas – mind, intellect, heart, disposition
  noun (neuter)
  `s` stem noun.
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Adjective describing `śāntaḥ`. This entire compound acts as the subject, along with `śāntaḥ`.

शान्तः (śāntaḥ) - peaceful, tranquil, calm

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śānta

śānta - peaceful, calm, tranquil, pacified, ceased

Past Passive Participle

From root `śam` (to be calm, cease).

Root: śam (class 4)

Note: Subject of `hasati`.

हसति (hasati) - he laughs, he smiles, he laughs at

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of has

Root: has (class 1)

उन्मत्तकान् (unmattakān) - madmen, insane persons

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of unmattaka

unmattaka - a madman, lunatic, intoxicated person

From `unmatta` (mad) + `ka` (suffix).

Prefix: ud

Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Object in the simile.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)