योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-29, verse-57

तस्माद्दशगुणो वह्निस्तस्माद्दशगुणोऽनिलः ।
ततो दशगुणं व्योम ततः परममम्बरम् ॥ ५७ ॥

tasmāddaśaguṇo vahnistasmāddaśaguṇo'nilaḥ ,
tato daśaguṇaṃ vyoma tataḥ paramamambaram 57

57. tasmāt daśaguṇaḥ vahniḥ tasmāt daśaguṇaḥ anilaḥ
tataḥ daśaguṇam vyoma tataḥ paramam ambaram

57. vahiḥ tasmāt daśaguṇaḥ .
anilaḥ tasmāt daśaguṇaḥ .
vyoma tataḥ daśaguṇam .
tataḥ paramam ambaram [asti]

57. Than [the preceding element], fire is ten times greater. Than that [fire], wind is ten times greater. Than that [wind], space (vyoma) is ten times greater. Beyond that [space] is the supreme space (ambaram).

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - than that (referring to the preceding element in a series) (from that, than that, therefore)

• दशगुणः (daśaguṇaḥ) - ten times, tenfold

• वह्निः (vahniḥ) - fire

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - than that (referring to fire) (from that, than that, therefore)

• दशगुणः (daśaguṇaḥ) - ten times, tenfold

• अनिलः (anilaḥ) - wind, air

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, from that (referring to wind) (from that, then, thereafter)

• दशगुणम् (daśaguṇam) - ten times, tenfold

• व्योम (vyoma) - sky, atmosphere, space, ether

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, from that (referring to vyoma) (from that, then, thereafter)

• परमम् (paramam) - supreme, ultimate, highest

• अम्बरम् (ambaram) - the ultimate, supreme space/ether (space, sky, atmosphere, ether, cloth)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - than that (referring to the preceding element in a series) (from that, than that, therefore)

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Used here in a comparative sense, meaning 'than that'.

दशगुणः (daśaguṇaḥ) - ten times, tenfold

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daśaguṇa

daśaguṇa - tenfold, ten times (as much/many)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (daśa+guṇa)

• daśa – ten
  numeral
• guṇa – quality, attribute, multiplier, strand
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'vahniḥ' and 'anilaḥ'.

वह्निः (vahniḥ) - fire

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vahni

vahni - fire, god of fire (Agni)

From root vah (to carry), carries oblations.

Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Subject of the first clause.

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - than that (referring to fire) (from that, than that, therefore)

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Used here in a comparative sense, meaning 'than that'.

दशगुणः (daśaguṇaḥ) - ten times, tenfold

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daśaguṇa

daśaguṇa - tenfold, ten times (as much/many)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (daśa+guṇa)

• daśa – ten
  numeral
• guṇa – quality, attribute, multiplier, strand
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'anilaḥ'.

अनिलः (anilaḥ) - wind, air

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anila

anila - wind, air, the god of wind (Vāyu)

From root an (to breathe) or a- (negation) + nila (stationary).

Root: an (class 2)

Note: Subject of the second clause.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, from that (referring to wind) (from that, then, thereafter)

(indeclinable)

Avyayībhāva derivative from tad + tasil suffix.

दशगुणम् (daśaguṇam) - ten times, tenfold

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of daśaguṇa

daśaguṇa - tenfold, ten times (as much/many)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (daśa+guṇa)

• daśa – ten
  numeral
• guṇa – quality, attribute, multiplier, strand
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'vyoma'.

व्योम (vyoma) - sky, atmosphere, space, ether

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vyoman

vyoman - sky, heaven, atmosphere, space, ether

From vi- + root yu (to join) or vi- + root vam (to move).

Note: Subject of the third clause.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, from that (referring to vyoma) (from that, then, thereafter)

(indeclinable)

Avyayībhāva derivative from tad + tasil suffix.

परमम् (paramam) - supreme, ultimate, highest

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of parama

parama - supreme, highest, greatest, ultimate, farthest

Superlative of para (far).

Note: Agrees with 'ambaram'.

अम्बरम् (ambaram) - the ultimate, supreme space/ether (space, sky, atmosphere, ether, cloth)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ambara

ambara - sky, atmosphere, space, ether, cloth, vesture

From am- + root bhṛ (to bear).

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

Note: Subject of the fourth clause.

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