योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-29, verse-49

यथा महान्धकूपाधः खद्योतो नावलोक्यते ।
पृष्ठगेन तथेहातो नाधः सूर्योऽवलोक्यते ॥ ४९ ॥

yathā mahāndhakūpādhaḥ khadyoto nāvalokyate ,
pṛṣṭhagena tathehāto nādhaḥ sūryo'valokyate 49

49. yathā mahāndhakūpādhaḥ khadyotaḥ na avalokyate
pṛṣṭhagena tathā iha ataḥ na adhaḥ sūryaḥ avalokyate

49. yathā mahāndhakūpādhaḥ khadyotaḥ na avalokyate
tathā iha ataḥ pṛṣṭhagena sūryaḥ adhaḥ na avalokyate

49. Just as a firefly is not perceived at the bottom of a great dark well, similarly, for one who has gone beyond this point, the sun is no longer perceived below.

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, in which manner)

• महान्धकूपाधः (mahāndhakūpādhaḥ) - at the bottom of a great dark well

• खद्योतः (khadyotaḥ) - a firefly (firefly, glow-worm)

• न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

• अवलोक्यते (avalokyate) - is seen (is seen, is perceived, is observed)

• पृष्ठगेन (pṛṣṭhagena) - for one who has gone beyond this point (by one who is behind, by one who has gone behind)

• तथा (tathā) - similarly (similarly, so, thus)

• इह (iha) - here (here, in this world/place)

• अतः (ataḥ) - from this (perspective/position) (hence, from this, therefore)

• न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

• अधः (adhaḥ) - below (below, beneath, downwards)

• सूर्यः (sūryaḥ) - the sun (sun)

• अवलोक्यते (avalokyate) - is seen (is seen, is perceived, is observed)

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, in which manner)

(indeclinable)

महान्धकूपाधः (mahāndhakūpādhaḥ) - at the bottom of a great dark well

(indeclinable)

Compound of mahā-andha-kūpa (great dark well) and adhaḥ (below). Used as an adverb.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahā+andha+kūpa+adhaḥ)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• andha – blind, dark
  adjective
• kūpa – well, pit
  noun (masculine)
• adhaḥ – below, beneath, downwards
  indeclinable

खद्योतः (khadyotaḥ) - a firefly (firefly, glow-worm)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of khadyota

khadyota - firefly, glow-worm, an insect that emits light

न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

(indeclinable)

अवलोक्यते (avalokyate) - is seen (is seen, is perceived, is observed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of avalok

Present Passive

Derived from root √lok (to see) with prefix ava, in present passive third person singular.

Prefix: ava

Root: lok (class 1)

पृष्ठगेन (pṛṣṭhagena) - for one who has gone beyond this point (by one who is behind, by one who has gone behind)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pṛṣṭhaga

pṛṣṭhaga - going behind, following, staying behind, subsequent

Compound of pṛṣṭha (back) and ga (going).

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (pṛṣṭha+ga)

• pṛṣṭha – back, rear, surface, top
  noun (neuter)
• ga – going, moving, residing in
  adjective
  Kṛt participle
  From root √gam (to go) with suffix -ḍa.
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Refers to the traveler who has passed beyond.

तथा (tathā) - similarly (similarly, so, thus)

(indeclinable)

इह (iha) - here (here, in this world/place)

(indeclinable)

अतः (ataḥ) - from this (perspective/position) (hence, from this, therefore)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

(indeclinable)

अधः (adhaḥ) - below (below, beneath, downwards)

(indeclinable)

सूर्यः (sūryaḥ) - the sun (sun)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūrya

sūrya - the sun, the sun god

अवलोक्यते (avalokyate) - is seen (is seen, is perceived, is observed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of avalok

Present Passive

Derived from root √lok (to see) with prefix ava, in present passive third person singular.

Prefix: ava

Root: lok (class 1)

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