योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-29, verse-56

ब्रह्माण्डाद्दशगुणतस्तोयं तत्र व्यवस्थितम् ।
आस्थितं वेष्टयित्वा तु त्वगिवाक्षोटपृष्ठगा ॥ ५६ ॥

brahmāṇḍāddaśaguṇatastoyaṃ tatra vyavasthitam ,
āsthitaṃ veṣṭayitvā tu tvagivākṣoṭapṛṣṭhagā 56

56. brahmāṇḍāt daśaguṇataḥ toyam tatra vyavasthitam
āsthitam veṣṭayitvā tu tvak iva akṣoṭa-pṛṣṭhagā

56. tatra brahmāṇḍāt daśaguṇataḥ toyam vyavasthitam (asti) tu
tvak iva akṣoṭa-pṛṣṭhagā (toyam) veṣṭayitvā āsthitam (asti)

56. Water, tenfold the size of the universe (brahmāṇḍa), was situated there. Moreover, it was located, enveloping (the universe) just like the skin covering the surface of a walnut.

Words meanings summery:

• ब्रह्माण्डात् (brahmāṇḍāt) - than the universe (brahmāṇḍa) (from the universe, than the universe)

• दशगुणतः (daśaguṇataḥ) - tenfold the size (tenfold, ten times, by tenfold measure)

• तोयम् (toyam) - water

• तत्र (tatra) - there (beyond the Brahmāṇḍa) (there, in that place)

• व्यवस्थितम् (vyavasthitam) - was situated (situated, arranged, placed, established)

• आस्थितम् (āsthitam) - was located (there) (situated, located, standing, having settled)

• वेष्टयित्वा (veṣṭayitvā) - having enveloped (the universe) (having enveloped, having surrounded, having covered)

• तु (tu) - moreover (but, however, moreover, and)

• त्वक् (tvak) - skin (like a rind) (skin, hide, bark, rind)

• इव (iva) - just like (like, as, as if)

• अक्षोट-पृष्ठगा (akṣoṭa-pṛṣṭhagā) - covering the surface of a walnut (going on/covering the surface of a walnut)

Words meanings and morphology

ब्रह्माण्डात् (brahmāṇḍāt) - than the universe (brahmāṇḍa) (from the universe, than the universe)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of brahmāṇḍa

brahmāṇḍa - the cosmic egg, the universe

Note: Used for comparison ('than').

दशगुणतः (daśaguṇataḥ) - tenfold the size (tenfold, ten times, by tenfold measure)

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'daśaguṇa' (tenfold) + the suffix -taḥ indicating 'from/by/in the measure of'.

Note: Indicates measure of quantity in comparison.

तोयम् (toyam) - water

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of toya

toya - water

Root: tūy

Note: Subject of the sentence.

तत्र (tatra) - there (beyond the Brahmāṇḍa) (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of place.

व्यवस्थितम् (vyavasthitam) - was situated (situated, arranged, placed, established)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vyavasthita

vyavasthita - situated, arranged, placed, established, fixed

Past Passive Participle

From prefixes vi- + ava- + root sthā (1P 'to stand') + kta suffix

Prefixes: vi+ava

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Functions as a predicate adjective, implying 'was situated'.

आस्थितम् (āsthitam) - was located (there) (situated, located, standing, having settled)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of āsthita

āsthita - situated, located, standing, resorted to

Past Passive Participle

From prefix ā- + root sthā (1P 'to stand') + kta suffix

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective modifying 'toyam', providing additional description.

वेष्टयित्वा (veṣṭayitvā) - having enveloped (the universe) (having enveloped, having surrounded, having covered)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root veṣṭ (10U 'to envelop, surround') + ktvā suffix. Formed from causative stem 'veṣṭayi'.

Root: veṣṭ (class 10)

Note: Indicates an action completed before the main verb.

तु (tu) - moreover (but, however, moreover, and)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction, adds emphasis or a slight contrast.

त्वक् (tvak) - skin (like a rind) (skin, hide, bark, rind)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tvac

tvac - skin, hide, bark, rind

Note: Used in comparison as the subject of the simile.

इव (iva) - just like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates comparison.

अक्षोट-पृष्ठगा (akṣoṭa-pṛṣṭhagā) - covering the surface of a walnut (going on/covering the surface of a walnut)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of akṣoṭa-pṛṣṭhaga

akṣoṭa-pṛṣṭhaga - covering the back/surface of a walnut

Tatpuruṣa compound (akṣoṭasya pṛṣṭhe gā - going on the surface of a walnut).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (akṣoṭa+pṛṣṭhaga)

• akṣoṭa – walnut tree, walnut
  noun (masculine)
• pṛṣṭhaga – going on the surface/back, situated on the surface/back
  adjective
  From 'pṛṣṭha' (back, surface) + root gam (1P 'to go') with a-suffix.
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'tvak'.

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