योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-29, verse-47

लीलोवाच ।
तद्देवि भास्करादीनां क्वाधस्तेजो गतं वद ।
शिलाजठरनिष्पन्दं मुष्टिग्राह्यं तमः कुतः ॥ ४७ ॥

līlovāca ,
taddevi bhāskarādīnāṃ kvādhastejo gataṃ vada ,
śilājaṭharaniṣpandaṃ muṣṭigrāhyaṃ tamaḥ kutaḥ 47

47. līlā uvāca tat devi bhāskara-ādīnām kva adhaḥ tejaḥ gatam
vada śilā-jaṭhara-niṣpandam muṣṭi-grāhyam tamaḥ kutaḥ

47. līlā uvāca devi tat vada kva bhāskarādīnām tejaḥ adhaḥ
gatam kutaḥ śilā-jaṭhara-niṣpandam muṣṭi-grāhyam tamaḥ

47. Līlā said: 'O goddess, tell me then, where has the light (tejaḥ) of the sun (bhāskara) and other celestial bodies gone in that nether region? And from where does this darkness (tamas) arise, which is as motionless as the heart of a rock and graspable by the fist?'

Words meanings summery:

• लीला (līlā) - Līlā (proper name) (Līlā (proper name), play, sport, divine play)

• उवाच (uvāca) - she said (he/she said, spoke)

• तत् (tat) - then (as an introductory particle) (that, therefore, then)

• देवि (devi) - O goddess (referring to Sarasvatī) (O goddess, O divine one)

• भास्कर-आदीनाम् (bhāskara-ādīnām) - of the sun (bhāskara) and other celestial bodies (of the sun and others, of those beginning with the sun)

• क्व (kva) - where? (where? whither?)

• अधः (adhaḥ) - in that nether region (below, down, underneath)

• तेजः (tejaḥ) - light (tejaḥ) (light, brilliance, energy, splendor, spiritual power)

• गतम् (gatam) - gone, departed (gone, departed, reached)

• वद (vada) - tell (me) (tell, say, speak)

• शिला-जठर-निष्पन्दम् (śilā-jaṭhara-niṣpandam) - as motionless as the heart of a rock (motionless like the interior of a rock)

• मुष्टि-ग्राह्यम् (muṣṭi-grāhyam) - graspable by the fist (graspable by the fist, tangible, concrete)

• तमः (tamaḥ) - this darkness (tamas) (darkness, gloom, ignorance)

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where? (implying origin/source) (from where? whence? why?)

Words meanings and morphology

लीला (līlā) - Līlā (proper name) (Līlā (proper name), play, sport, divine play)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of līlā

līlā - Līlā (proper name), play, sport, divine play

Root: līl (class 1)

Note: Subject of uvāca.

उवाच (uvāca) - she said (he/she said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect (lit)

Root vac (to speak), 3rd person singular perfect.

Root: vac (class 2)

तत् (tat) - then (as an introductory particle) (that, therefore, then)

(indeclinable)

देवि (devi) - O goddess (referring to Sarasvatī) (O goddess, O divine one)

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of devī

devī - goddess, divine female, queen

Root: div (class 4)

Note: Addressing the goddess Sarasvatī.

भास्कर-आदीनाम् (bhāskara-ādīnām) - of the sun (bhāskara) and other celestial bodies (of the sun and others, of those beginning with the sun)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bhāskara-ādi

bhāskara-ādi - sun and so forth

Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa (bhāskara+ādi)

• bhāskara – sun, light-maker
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bhā
• ādi – beginning, first, and so on, et cetera
  noun (masculine)

Note: Possessive case, referring to the light (tejaḥ) belonging to them.

क्व (kva) - where? (where? whither?)

(indeclinable)

अधः (adhaḥ) - in that nether region (below, down, underneath)

(indeclinable)

तेजः (tejaḥ) - light (tejaḥ) (light, brilliance, energy, splendor, spiritual power)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tejas

tejas - light, brilliance, radiance, power, energy, spiritual energy, semen

Root: tij (class 1)

Note: Subject of gatam.

गतम् (gatam) - gone, departed (gone, departed, reached)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of gata

gata - gone, departed, arrived, reached, passed, dead

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root gam (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used predicatively to ask about the state of tejaḥ.

वद (vada) - tell (me) (tell, say, speak)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (lot) of vad

Imperative (lot)

Root vad (to speak), 2nd person singular imperative, active voice.

Root: vad (class 1)

शिला-जठर-निष्पन्दम् (śilā-jaṭhara-niṣpandam) - as motionless as the heart of a rock (motionless like the interior of a rock)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śilā-jaṭhara-niṣpanda

śilā-jaṭhara-niṣpanda - motionless like the interior of a rock

Compound type : upamāna-karmadhāraya (śilā+jaṭhara+niṣpanda)

• śilā – rock, stone
  noun (feminine)
• jaṭhara – belly, stomach, interior, womb
  noun (neuter)
• niṣpanda – motionless, still, inert, without vibration
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root spand (to tremble, vibrate) with upasarga nis (without).
  Prefix: nis
  Root: spand (class 1)

Note: Agrees with tamaḥ.

मुष्टि-ग्राह्यम् (muṣṭi-grāhyam) - graspable by the fist (graspable by the fist, tangible, concrete)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of muṣṭi-grāhya

muṣṭi-grāhya - graspable by the fist, capable of being seized, tangible

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (muṣṭi+grāhya)

• muṣṭi – fist, handful
  noun (masculine)
  Root: muṣ (class 9)
• grāhya – to be seized, to be grasped, graspable, tangible, perceivable
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive
  Derived from root grah (to seize, take) with suffix -ya.
  Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Agrees with tamaḥ.

तमः (tamaḥ) - this darkness (tamas) (darkness, gloom, ignorance)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tamas

tamas - darkness, gloom, ignorance (tamas)

Root: tam (class 4)

कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where? (implying origin/source) (from where? whence? why?)

(indeclinable)

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