योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-29, verse-10

काहं क इव संसार इति स्वप्नेऽप्यसंकथा ।
जाया श्रोत्रियमूढस्य तादृशस्यैव दुर्धियः ॥ १० ॥

kāhaṃ ka iva saṃsāra iti svapne'pyasaṃkathā ,
jāyā śrotriyamūḍhasya tādṛśasyaiva durdhiyaḥ 10

10. kā aham kaḥ iva saṃsāraḥ iti svapne api asaṃkathā
jāyā śrotriyāmūḍhasya tādṛśasya eva durdhiyaḥ

10. kā aham kaḥ iva saṃsāraḥ iti svapne api asaṃkathā
jāyā tādṛśasya eva durdhiyaḥ śrotriyāmūḍhasya

10. 'Who am I? What is this cycle of rebirth (saṃsāra)?' — such questions never even entered her mind, even in a dream. She was the wife of such a dull-witted and foolish Vedic scholar (śrotriya).

Words meanings summery:

• का (kā) - who (feminine)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• कः (kaḥ) - who, what (masculine)

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• संसारः (saṁsāraḥ) - the concept of the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth (saṃsāra) (worldly existence, cycle of rebirth)

• इति (iti) - thus, so, marking a quote

• स्वप्ने (svapne) - in a dream

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• असंकथा (asaṁkathā) - not a subject of her thoughts (no conversation, not discussed, not thought of)

• जाया (jāyā) - wife

• श्रोत्रियामूढस्य (śrotriyāmūḍhasya) - of the foolish Vedic scholar

• तादृशस्य (tādṛśasya) - of such a one

• एव (eva) - only, merely, indeed, certainly

• दुर्धियः (durdhiyaḥ) - of a dull-witted person, of a foolish intellect

Words meanings and morphology

का (kā) - who (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Feminine nominative singular of 'kim'.

Note: Part of the direct question.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Nominative singular of 'asmad'.

Note: Part of the direct question.

कः (kaḥ) - who, what (masculine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Masculine nominative singular of 'kim'.

Note: Part of the direct question.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.

Note: Used with 'kaḥ' to mean 'what kind of'.

संसारः (saṁsāraḥ) - the concept of the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth (saṃsāra) (worldly existence, cycle of rebirth)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃsāra

saṁsāra - worldly existence, cycle of rebirth, transmigration, circuit

From root sṛ (to flow) with prefix sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: sṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the second question.

इति (iti) - thus, so, marking a quote

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the end of the quoted thought.

स्वप्ने (svapne) - in a dream

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of svapna

svapna - dream, sleep

Root: svap (class 2)

Note: Indicates the sphere or condition.

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

Particle.

Note: Emphasizes 'even in a dream'.

असंकथा (asaṁkathā) - not a subject of her thoughts (no conversation, not discussed, not thought of)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of asaṃkathā

asaṁkathā - not a topic of conversation, not a thought, unheard of

Nañ tatpuruṣa compound: 'a' (not) + 'saṃkathā' (conversation, discourse, thought).

Compound type : nañ tatpuruṣa (a+saṃkathā)

• a – not, non-
  prefix
• saṃkathā – conversation, discourse, discussion, thought
  noun (feminine)
  From root kath (to speak) with prefix sam.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Predicate for the quoted thoughts.

जाया (jāyā) - wife

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jāyā

jāyā - wife

Note: Subject of the clause describing her identity.

श्रोत्रियामूढस्य (śrotriyāmūḍhasya) - of the foolish Vedic scholar

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śrotriyāmūḍha

śrotriyāmūḍha - foolish Vedic scholar, ignorant brahmin

Compound: śrotriya (Vedic scholar) + mūḍha (foolish). Genitive singular.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (śrotriya+mūḍha)

• śrotriya – Vedic scholar, one learned in the Vedas, brahmin
  noun (masculine)
  From śrotra (ear, Veda).
• mūḍha – foolish, ignorant, bewildered
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root muh (to be bewildered, confused).
  Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Possessive, describing whose wife she is.

तादृशस्य (tādṛśasya) - of such a one

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tādṛśa

tādṛśa - such, of that kind, similar to that

Genitive singular of 'tādṛśa'.

Note: Adjective modifying the husband.

एव (eva) - only, merely, indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

दुर्धियः (durdhiyaḥ) - of a dull-witted person, of a foolish intellect

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of durdhi

durdhi - dull-witted, foolish, having a bad intellect

Bahuvrīhi compound: dur (bad, difficult) + dhī (intellect, thought). Genitive singular.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dur+dhī)

• dur – bad, ill, difficult
  prefix
• dhī – intellect, thought, understanding
  noun (feminine)

Note: Adjective modifying the implied husband, agreeing with 'śrotriyāmūḍhasya'.

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