योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-121, verse-28

यथा बहूनां सदृशं वचनं नाम मानसम् ।
तथा स्वप्नेऽपि भवति कालो देशः क्रियापि च ॥ २८ ॥

yathā bahūnāṃ sadṛśaṃ vacanaṃ nāma mānasam ,
tathā svapne'pi bhavati kālo deśaḥ kriyāpi ca 28

28. yathā bahūnām sadṛśam vacanam nāma mānasam tathā
svapne api bhavati kālaḥ deśaḥ kriyā api ca

28. yathā bahūnām sadṛśam nāma mānasam vacanam (bhavati)
tathā svapne api kālaḥ deśaḥ kriyā api ca bhavati

28. Just as a mental (mānasa) utterance (vacanam) is alike for many, so also in a dream (svapne) there appear time (kāla), place (deśa), and activity (kriyā).

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like

• बहूनाम् (bahūnām) - for many (people/beings) (of many, for many)

• सदृशम् (sadṛśam) - alike, similar (similar, like, resembling)

• वचनम् (vacanam) - utterance (word, speech, utterance)

• नाम (nāma) - as it were, namely, indeed (indeed, by name, as it were)

• मानसम् (mānasam) - mental (mental, belonging to the mind)

• तथा (tathā) - so too, in the same way (so, thus, in that manner)

• स्वप्ने (svapne) - in a dream

• अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

• भवति (bhavati) - occurs, appears (is, occurs, arises, happens)

• कालः (kālaḥ) - time (time, period)

• देशः (deśaḥ) - place, space (place, region, country)

• क्रिया (kriyā) - activity (action, activity, deed)

• अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

• च (ca) - and

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like

(indeclinable)

Comparative adverb, correlative with 'tathā'.

बहूनाम् (bahūnām) - for many (people/beings) (of many, for many)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, numerous

सदृशम् (sadṛśam) - alike, similar (similar, like, resembling)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sadṛśa

sadṛśa - similar, like, resembling, equal

Compound of sa (with) and dṛśa (seeing, appearance).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+dṛśa)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
  Prefix for compounds.
• dṛśa – appearance, sight, resembling
  adjective (neuter)
  Derived from root √dṛś (to see).
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

वचनम् (vacanam) - utterance (word, speech, utterance)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - word, speech, utterance, statement

Derived from root √vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

नाम (nāma) - as it were, namely, indeed (indeed, by name, as it were)

(indeclinable)

Used as an emphatic or explanatory particle here.

मानसम् (mānasam) - mental (mental, belonging to the mind)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mānasa

mānasa - mental, of the mind, belonging to the mind

Derived from 'manas' (mind).

Root: man

तथा (tathā) - so too, in the same way (so, thus, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

Correlative with 'yathā'.

स्वप्ने (svapne) - in a dream

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of svapna

svapna - sleep, dream

From root √svap (to sleep).

Root: svap (class 2)

अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Particle, used to emphasize or include.

भवति (bhavati) - occurs, appears (is, occurs, arises, happens)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Present Active Indicative

3rd person singular.

Root: bhū (class 1)

कालः (kālaḥ) - time (time, period)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, appropriate time, death

देशः (deśaḥ) - place, space (place, region, country)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of deśa

deśa - place, region, country, spot

Derived from root √diś (to point).

Root: diś (class 6)

क्रिया (kriyā) - activity (action, activity, deed)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kriyā

kriyā - action, activity, deed, rite, performance

Derived from root √kṛ (to do, make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Particle, used to emphasize or include.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

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