वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-40, verse-61

ततो भेरीः समाजघ्नुर्मृदङ्गांश्च व्यनादयन् ।
दध्मुः शङ्खान् संप्रहृष्टाः क्ष्वेलन्त्यपि यथापुरम् ॥६१॥

61. tato bherīḥ samājaghnurmṛdaṅgāṃśca vyanādayan ,
dadhmuḥ śaṅkhān saṃprahṛṣṭāḥ kṣvelantyapi yathāpuram.

61. tataḥ bherīḥ samājaghnuḥ mṛdaṅgān ca vyanādayan
dadhmuḥ śaṅkhān samprahṛṣṭāḥ kṣvelanti api yathāpuram

61. tataḥ samprahṛṣṭāḥ bherīḥ samājaghnuḥ ca mṛdaṅgān
vyanādayan śaṅkhān dadhmuḥ api yathāpuram kṣvelanti

61. Then, highly delighted, they beat the kettledrums, sounded the mṛdaṅgas, and blew conches, roaring just as they used to.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from there)

• भेरीः (bherīḥ) - kettledrums

• समाजघ्नुः (samājaghnuḥ) - they beat, they struck

• मृदङ्गान् (mṛdaṅgān) - mṛdaṅgas (a type of drum)

• च (ca) - and

• व्यनादयन् (vyanādayan) - they sounded, they caused to sound

• दध्मुः (dadhmuḥ) - they blew

• शङ्खान् (śaṅkhān) - conches

• सम्प्रहृष्टाः (samprahṛṣṭāḥ) - highly delighted (greatly delighted, extremely joyful)

• क्ष्वेलन्ति (kṣvelanti) - they roar (they roar, they shout, they yell)

• अपि (api) - even as (also, even, too)

• यथापुरम् (yathāpuram) - just as they used to (as before, as formerly)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from there)

(indeclinable)

भेरीः (bherīḥ) - kettledrums

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of bherī

bherī - drum, kettledrum, war-drum

Note: Object of samājaghnuḥ.

समाजघ्नुः (samājaghnuḥ) - they beat, they struck

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of sam-ā-han

Root han with prefixes sam and ā.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: han (class 2)

मृदङ्गान् (mṛdaṅgān) - mṛdaṅgas (a type of drum)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mṛdaṅga

mṛdaṅga - a kind of drum, a small drum

Note: Object of vyanādayan.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

व्यनादयन् (vyanādayan) - they sounded, they caused to sound

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of vi-nad

Causative

Root nad with prefix vi, causative form.

Prefix: vi

Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Causative of vi-nad.

दध्मुः (dadhmuḥ) - they blew

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of dham

Root dham, 1st class (dhamati).

Root: dham (class 1)

शङ्खान् (śaṅkhān) - conches

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śaṅkha

śaṅkha - conch, conch-shell, a kind of musical instrument

Note: Object of dadhmuḥ.

सम्प्रहृष्टाः (samprahṛṣṭāḥ) - highly delighted (greatly delighted, extremely joyful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sam-pra-hṛṣṭa

hṛṣṭa - delighted, joyful, thrilled

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root hṛṣ (to be excited/thrilled) with prefixes sam and pra.

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (sam+pra+hṛṣṭa)

• sam – together, completely
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• pra – forth, forward, excessively
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• hṛṣṭa – delighted, thrilled, pleased
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root hṛṣ + kta (suffix)
  Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Adjective qualifying the implied subject (the monkeys).

क्ष्वेलन्ति (kṣvelanti) - they roar (they roar, they shout, they yell)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of kṣvel

Root kṣvel, 1st class (kṣvelati).

Root: kṣvel (class 1)

अपि (api) - even as (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

Particle

यथापुरम् (yathāpuram) - just as they used to (as before, as formerly)

(indeclinable)

Compound of yathā (as) and puram (before, formerly).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+pura)

• yathā – as, like, in the manner that
  indeclinable
• pura – before, formerly, in the past
  indeclinable

Note: Adverb.

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