वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-40, verse-51

इमं श्रुत्वा तु वृत्तान्तं त्वरमाणो ऽहमागतः ।
सहसा युवयोः स्नेहात् सखित्वमनुपालयन् ॥५१॥

51. imaṃ śrutvā tu vṛttāntaṃ tvaramāṇo'hamāgataḥ ,
sahasā yuvayoḥ snehāt sakhitvamanupālayan.

51. imam śrutvā tu vṛttāntam tvaramāṇaḥ aham āgataḥ
sahasā yuvayoḥ snehāt sakhitvam anupālayan

51. aham imam vṛttāntam śrutvā tu tvaramāṇaḥ
anupālayan yuvayoḥ snehāt sakhitvam sahasā āgataḥ

51. Indeed, upon hearing this news, I have arrived here quickly, hastening to uphold the bond of friendship (sakhitva) out of affection for you both.

Words meanings summery:

• इमम् (imam) - this (referring to the news) (this, him)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard (the news) (having heard, having listened)

• तु (tu) - indeed, certainly (emphasizing the action) (but, indeed, yet, on the other hand)

• वृत्तान्तम् (vṛttāntam) - this news (news, account, event, story)

• त्वरमाणः (tvaramāṇaḥ) - hurrying (I, the speaker) (hurrying, hastening, quick)

• अहम् (aham) - I (the speaker, who is Hanumān in this context of Rāmāyaṇa) (I)

• आगतः (āgataḥ) - (I) have arrived (arrived, come)

• सहसा (sahasā) - quickly (quickly, suddenly, forcibly, at once)

• युवयोः (yuvayoḥ) - for you both (Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa) (of you two, for you two)

• स्नेहात् (snehāt) - out of affection (for you both) (from affection, due to love, out of tenderness)

• सखित्वम् (sakhitvam) - the bond of friendship (friendship, companionship)

• अनुपालयन् (anupālayan) - maintaining (the friendship) (observing, maintaining, protecting, following)

Words meanings and morphology

इमम् (imam) - this (referring to the news) (this, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, here

Note: Agrees with `vṛttāntam`.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard (the news) (having heard, having listened)

(indeclinable)

absolutive / gerund

From root `śru` (to hear) + absolutive suffix `tvā`.

Root: śru (class 5)

तु (tu) - indeed, certainly (emphasizing the action) (but, indeed, yet, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

वृत्तान्तम् (vṛttāntam) - this news (news, account, event, story)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vṛttānta

vṛttānta - news, account, report, story, event

Compound: `vṛtta` (occurred, happened) + `anta` (end, limit, conclusion).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (vṛtta+anta)

• vṛtta – occurred, happened, conducted
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `vṛt` (to turn, exist, happen)
  Root: vṛt (class 1)
• anta – end, limit, vicinity, conclusion
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of `śrutvā`.

त्वरमाणः (tvaramāṇaḥ) - hurrying (I, the speaker) (hurrying, hastening, quick)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tvaramāṇa

tvaramāṇa - hurrying, hastening, being quick

Present Active Participle (ātmanepada)

From root `tvar` (to hurry) + `śānac` suffix.

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Adjectival use, agreeing with the subject `aham`.

अहम् (aham) - I (the speaker, who is Hanumān in this context of Rāmāyaṇa) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

First person singular pronoun.

आगतः (āgataḥ) - (I) have arrived (arrived, come)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - arrived, come, approached

Past Passive Participle

From `ā-` + root `gam` (to go).

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Predicate to `aham`.

सहसा (sahasā) - quickly (quickly, suddenly, forcibly, at once)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form of `sahas` (force).

Note: Modifies `āgataḥ`.

युवयोः (yuvayoḥ) - for you both (Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa) (of you two, for you two)

(pronoun)

Genitive, dual of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (dual or plural)

Second person dual pronoun.

Note: Shows possession or relationship, here with `snehāt` and `sakhitvam`.

स्नेहात् (snehāt) - out of affection (for you both) (from affection, due to love, out of tenderness)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of sneha

sneha - affection, love, tenderness, oiliness

Ablative form.

Root: snih (class 4)

सखित्वम् (sakhitvam) - the bond of friendship (friendship, companionship)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sakhitva

sakhitva - friendship, companionship, fellowship

Derived from `sakhi` (friend) + suffix `-tva` (abstract noun).

Note: Object of `anupālayan`.

अनुपालयन् (anupālayan) - maintaining (the friendship) (observing, maintaining, protecting, following)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anupālayat

anupālayat - observing, maintaining, protecting, following

Present Active Participle

From `anu-` + root `pāl` (to protect, govern) + causative `-aya` + `śatṛ` suffix.

Prefix: anu

Root: pāl (class 10)

Note: Adjectival use, agreeing with the subject `aham`.

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