वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-40, verse-55

एवमुक्त्वा ततो रामं सुपर्णः सुमहाबलः ।
परिष्वज्य सुहृत्स्निग्धमाप्रष्टुमुपचक्रमे ॥५५॥

55. evamuktvā tato rāmaṃ suparṇaḥ sumahābalaḥ ,
pariṣvajya suhṛtsnigdhamāpraṣṭumupacakrame.

55. evam uktvā tataḥ rāmam suparṇaḥ sumahābalaḥ
pariṣvajya suhṛtsnigdham āpraṣṭum upacakrame

55. evam uktvā,
tataḥ sumahābalaḥ suparṇaḥ rāmam suhṛtsnigdham pariṣvajya āpraṣṭum upacakrame.

55. Having spoken thus, the exceedingly mighty Suparṇa then affectionately embraced Rama, like a friend, and began to take his leave.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken (having spoken, having said)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, afterwards)

• रामम् (rāmam) - Rama (Rama (accusative))

• सुपर्णः (suparṇaḥ) - Suparṇa (Garuda) (Suparṇa, Garuda (name of a mythical bird, vehicle of Vishnu))

• सुमहाबलः (sumahābalaḥ) - exceedingly mighty (exceedingly mighty, very powerful)

• परिष्वज्य (pariṣvajya) - having embraced (having embraced, having hugged)

• सुहृत्स्निग्धम् (suhṛtsnigdham) - affectionately, like a friend (affectionately like a friend, with friendly affection)

• आप्रष्टुम् (āpraṣṭum) - to take leave (to ask leave, to bid farewell, to interrogate)

• उपचक्रमे (upacakrame) - he began (he began, he commenced)

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken (having spoken, having said)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root √vac (2nd class) with the suffix -ktvā. Root vac changes to uk in some forms.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Modifies the main verb upacakrame.

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

रामम् (rāmam) - Rama (Rama (accusative))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (name of a prominent deity and epic hero), pleasing, charming

Note: Object of pariṣvajya.

सुपर्णः (suparṇaḥ) - Suparṇa (Garuda) (Suparṇa, Garuda (name of a mythical bird, vehicle of Vishnu))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suparṇa

suparṇa - having beautiful wings, (proper noun) Suparṇa, Garuda

Compound type : bahuvrihi (su+parṇa)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• parṇa – wing, feather, leaf
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of upacakrame.

सुमहाबलः (sumahābalaḥ) - exceedingly mighty (exceedingly mighty, very powerful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sumahābala

sumahābala - exceedingly mighty, very powerful, of great strength

Compound type : karma-dhāraya (su+mahā+bala)

• su – good, well, excellent, very, exceedingly
  indeclinable
• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adjective for suparṇaḥ.

परिष्वज्य (pariṣvajya) - having embraced (having embraced, having hugged)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root √svaj (1st class) with prefix pari- + -lyaP suffix.

Prefix: pari

Root: svaj (class 1)

Note: Modifies the main verb upacakrame.

सुहृत्स्निग्धम् (suhṛtsnigdham) - affectionately, like a friend (affectionately like a friend, with friendly affection)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of suhṛtsnigdha

suhṛtsnigdha - affectionate like a friend, friendly and tender

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (suhṛt+snigdha)

• suhṛt – friend, good-hearted
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from 'su' (good) + 'hṛd' (heart) to mean 'good-hearted' or 'friend'.
• snigdha – affectionate, tender, oily, smooth
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √snih (4th class).
  Root: snih (class 4)

Note: Used adverbially.

आप्रष्टुम् (āpraṣṭum) - to take leave (to ask leave, to bid farewell, to interrogate)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive (tumun)

Derived from root √prach (6th class) with prefix ā- + -tumun suffix. Root prach changes to praś in some forms.

Prefix: ā

Root: prach (class 6)

Note: Expresses purpose for upacakrame.

उपचक्रमे (upacakrame) - he began (he began, he commenced)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of upakram

Perfect (Liṭ) tense, Ātmanepada, 3rd person singular

Derived from root √kram (1st class) with prefix upa-.

Prefix: upa

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

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