वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-40, verse-37

तमागतमभिप्रेक्ष्य नागास्ते विप्रदुद्रुवुः ।
यैस्तौ सत्पुरुषौ बद्धौ शरभूतैर्महाबलौ ॥३७॥

37. tamāgatamabhiprekṣya nāgāste vipradudruvuḥ ,
yaistau satpuruṣau baddhau śarabhūtairmahābalau.

37. tam āgatam abhiprekṣya nāgāḥ te vipradudruvuḥ
yaiḥ tau satpuruṣau baddhau śarabhūtaiḥ mahābalau

37. Upon seeing him arrive, those serpents, who had bound those two immensely powerful noble persons (puruṣa) with arrow-like forms, fled away.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him, that

• आगतम् (āgatam) - arrived, come, approached

• अभिप्रेक्ष्य (abhiprekṣya) - having seen, perceiving, observing

• नागाः (nāgāḥ) - referring to the serpents used in the nāgāstra (serpents, celestial serpents)

• ते (te) - those, they

• विप्रदुद्रुवुः (vipradudruvuḥ) - they fled away, they dispersed

• यैः (yaiḥ) - by whom, by which

• तौ (tau) - those two

• सत्पुरुषौ (satpuruṣau) - two noble persons, two true men

• बद्धौ (baddhau) - bound, tied, fastened

• शरभूतैः (śarabhūtaiḥ) - by those who became arrows, in the form of arrows

• महाबलौ (mahābalau) - two greatly powerful (ones), mighty

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

आगतम् (āgatam) - arrived, come, approached

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - arrived, come, reached

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of √gam (to go) with prefix ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: √gam (class 1)

अभिप्रेक्ष्य (abhiprekṣya) - having seen, perceiving, observing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund

Absolutive of √īkṣ (to see) with prefixes abhi- and pra-

Prefixes: abhi+pra

Root: √īkṣ (class 1)

नागाः (nāgāḥ) - referring to the serpents used in the nāgāstra (serpents, celestial serpents)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nāga

nāga - serpent, snake, elephant, a class of mythical beings

ते (te) - those, they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

विप्रदुद्रुवुः (vipradudruvuḥ) - they fled away, they dispersed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (Lit) of √dru

Prefixes: vi+pra

Root: √dru (class 1)

यैः (yaiḥ) - by whom, by which

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of yat

yat - who, which, what

तौ (tau) - those two

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

सत्पुरुषौ (satpuruṣau) - two noble persons, two true men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of satpuruṣa

satpuruṣa - a good or virtuous man, noble person, true person (puruṣa)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sat+puruṣa)

• sat – true, good, existing, real
  adjective
  Present Active Participle
  Present participle of √as (to be)
  Root: √as (class 2)
• puruṣa – person, man, male, the supreme cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)

बद्धौ (baddhau) - bound, tied, fastened

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of baddha

baddha - bound, tied, fastened, imprisoned

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of √bandh (to bind)

Root: √bandh (class 9)

शरभूतैः (śarabhūtaiḥ) - by those who became arrows, in the form of arrows

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śarabhūta

śarabhūta - having become an arrow, in the form of an arrow

Compound type : karmadhāraya (śara+bhūta)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• bhūta – become, been, existing
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of √bhū (to be, become)
  Root: √bhū (class 1)

महाबलौ (mahābalau) - two greatly powerful (ones), mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of mahābala

mahābala - very powerful, mighty, one with great strength

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)

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