वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-11, verse-45

ऋते नियोगात् सामर्थ्यमवबोद्धुं न शक्यते ।
सहसा विनियोगो हि दोषवान्प्रतिभाति मे ॥४५॥

45. ṛte niyogāt sāmarthyamavaboddhuṃ na śakyate ,
sahasā viniyogo hi doṣavānpratibhāti me.

45. ṛte niyogāt sāmarthyam avaboddhum na śakyate
sahasā viniyogaḥ hi doṣavān pratibhāti me

45. niyogāt ṛte sāmarthyam avaboddhum na śakyate
hi sahasā viniyogaḥ me doṣavān pratibhāti

45. Capability cannot be ascertained without a clear command. Indeed, a hasty deployment (viniyoga) appears flawed to me.

Words meanings summery:

• ऋते (ṛte) - without, except for, apart from

• नियोगात् (niyogāt) - without a specific command or appointment for a task (from an order, from an appointment, from a command)

• सामर्थ्यम् (sāmarthyam) - capability, power, ability, fitness

• अवबोद्धुम् (avaboddhum) - to understand, to know, to comprehend, to ascertain

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• शक्यते (śakyate) - is possible, can be done

• सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, hastily, rashly, by force

• विनियोगः (viniyogaḥ) - appointment, application, deployment, use, disposition

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

• दोषवान् (doṣavān) - faulty, defective, having faults

• प्रतिभाति (pratibhāti) - appears, seems, manifests, shines

• मे (me) - to me, my, for me

Words meanings and morphology

ऋते (ṛte) - without, except for, apart from

(indeclinable)

नियोगात् (niyogāt) - without a specific command or appointment for a task (from an order, from an appointment, from a command)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of niyoga

niyoga - command, order, appointment, injunction, application, employment

Derived from root yuj (to join) with prefix ni-

Prefix: ni

Root: yuj (class 7)

सामर्थ्यम् (sāmarthyam) - capability, power, ability, fitness

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sāmarthya

sāmarthya - power, ability, capacity, capability, fitness

Derived from samartha (capable, able)

अवबोद्धुम् (avaboddhum) - to understand, to know, to comprehend, to ascertain

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Root budh (बुध), class 1, with prefix ava-

Prefix: ava

Root: budh (class 1)

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

शक्यते (śakyate) - is possible, can be done

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of śak

Present Tense, Passive Voice, 3rd Person Singular

Root śak (शक), class 5, passive form

Root: śak (class 5)

सहसा (sahasā) - suddenly, hastily, rashly, by force

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form from sahas (strength, power)

विनियोगः (viniyogaḥ) - appointment, application, deployment, use, disposition

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viniyoga

viniyoga - application, use, employment, assignment, appointment, deployment

Derived from root yuj (to join) with prefixes vi- and ni-

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: yuj (class 7)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

(indeclinable)

दोषवान् (doṣavān) - faulty, defective, having faults

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of doṣavat

doṣavat - having fault, defective, vicious

Possessive suffix -vat from doṣa (fault)

प्रतिभाति (pratibhāti) - appears, seems, manifests, shines

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhā

Present Tense, Active Voice, 3rd Person Singular

Root bhā (भा), class 2, with prefix prati-

Prefix: prati

Root: bhā (class 2)

मे (me) - to me, my, for me

(pronoun)

singular of asmad

asmad - I, me (pronoun)