वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-11, verse-31

छादयित्वात्मभावं हि चरन्ति शठबुद्धयः ।
प्रहरन्ति च रन्ध्रेषु सो ऽनर्थः सुमहान्भवेत् ॥३१॥

31. chādayitvātmabhāvaṃ hi caranti śaṭhabuddhayaḥ ,
praharanti ca randhreṣu so'narthaḥ sumahānbhavet.

31. chādayitvā ātmabhāvaṃ hi caranti śaṭhabuddhayaḥ
praharanti ca randhreṣu saḥ anarthaḥ sumahān bhavet

31. śaṭhabuddhayaḥ hi ātmabhāvaṃ chādayitvā caranti ca randhreṣu praharanti.
saḥ sumahān anarthaḥ bhavet

31. Cunning individuals indeed act by concealing their inner disposition (ātmabhāva), and they strike at vulnerabilities. This would certainly be a very great misfortune.

Words meanings summery:

• छादयित्वा (chādayitvā) - having covered, having concealed

• आत्मभावं (ātmabhāvaṁ) - one's own nature, disposition, state of being

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

• चरन्ति (caranti) - they move, they act, they behave

• शठबुद्धयः (śaṭhabuddhayaḥ) - those with cunning minds, deceitful persons

• प्रहरन्ति (praharanti) - they strike, they attack

• च (ca) - and

• रन्ध्रेषु (randhreṣu) - in the weak points, in the holes, in the vulnerable spots

• सः (saḥ) - that, he

• अनर्थः (anarthaḥ) - misfortune, calamity, evil, harm

• सुमहान् (sumahān) - very great, very large

• भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, should be, would be

Words meanings and morphology

छादयित्वा (chādayitvā) - having covered, having concealed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from the causative stem of root √chad (1P) with suffix -tvā.

Root: chad (class 1)

आत्मभावं (ātmabhāvaṁ) - one's own nature, disposition, state of being

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātmabhāva

ātmabhāva - one's own nature, disposition, self-existence, intrinsic state

Compound of ātman and bhāva.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ātman+bhāva)

• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)
• bhāva – state, condition, existence, nature, disposition, feeling
  noun (masculine)
  From root √bhū (to be).
  Root: bhū (class 1)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

(indeclinable)

चरन्ति (caranti) - they move, they act, they behave

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of car

Present active indicative

Parasmaipada verb, 1st conjugation.

Root: car (class 1)

शठबुद्धयः (śaṭhabuddhayaḥ) - those with cunning minds, deceitful persons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śaṭhabuddhi

śaṭhabuddhi - having a cunning mind, deceitful intellect

Bahuvrīhi compound: śaṭha (cunning) + buddhi (intellect).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śaṭha+buddhi)

• śaṭha – cunning, deceitful, wicked, rogue
  adjective (masculine)
• buddhi – intellect, understanding, mind, reason
  noun (feminine)
  From root √budh (to know).
  Root: budh (class 1)

प्रहरन्ति (praharanti) - they strike, they attack

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of pra-hṛ

Present active indicative

Parasmaipada verb, 1st conjugation, with prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: hṛ (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

रन्ध्रेषु (randhreṣu) - in the weak points, in the holes, in the vulnerable spots

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of randhra

randhra - hole, opening, weak point, vulnerability, defect

सः (saḥ) - that, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

अनर्थः (anarthaḥ) - misfortune, calamity, evil, harm

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anartha

anartha - misfortune, calamity, evil, harm, meaninglessness

Negative compound (na + artha).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (na+artha)

• na – not, no
  indeclinable
  Negative particle.
• artha – meaning, purpose, object, wealth, advantage
  noun (masculine)

सुमहान् (sumahān) - very great, very large

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sumahat

sumahat - very great, exceedingly large

Compound of su (very, good) and mahat (great).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+mahat)

• su – good, well, very, exceedingly
  indeclinable
• mahat – great, large, extensive, important
  adjective (neuter)

भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, should be, would be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of bhū

Optative active

Parasmaipada verb, 1st conjugation.

Root: bhū (class 1)