वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-11, verse-10

रावणो नाम दुर्वृत्तो राक्षसो राक्षसेश्वरः ।
तस्याहमनुजो भ्राता विभीषण इति श्रुतः ॥१०॥

10. rāvaṇo nāma durvṛtto rākṣaso rākṣaseśvaraḥ ,
tasyāhamanujo bhrātā vibhīṣaṇa iti śrutaḥ.

10. rāvaṇaḥ nāma durvṛttaḥ rākṣasaḥ rākṣaseśvaraḥ
tasya aham anujaḥ bhrātā vibhīṣaṇaḥ iti śrutaḥ

10. rāvaṇaḥ nāma durvṛttaḥ rākṣasaḥ rākṣaseśvaraḥ
tasya aham anujaḥ bhrātā vibhīṣaṇaḥ iti śrutaḥ

10. His name is Rāvaṇa, the wicked demon, lord of the rākṣasas. I am his younger brother, known as Vibhīṣaṇa.

Words meanings summery:

• रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Rāvaṇa (name of the demon king)

• नाम (nāma) - by name, indeed, namely

• दुर्वृत्तः (durvṛttaḥ) - ill-behaved, wicked, evil

• राक्षसः (rākṣasaḥ) - demon, a rākṣasa

• राक्षसेश्वरः (rākṣaseśvaraḥ) - lord of rākṣasas, chief of demons

• तस्य (tasya) - his, of him

• अहम् (aham) - I

• अनुजः (anujaḥ) - younger brother

• भ्राता (bhrātā) - brother

• विभीषणः (vibhīṣaṇaḥ) - Vibhīṣaṇa (name of a Rākṣasa)

• इति (iti) - called, named (thus, so, (marks quoted speech or thought))

• श्रुतः (śrutaḥ) - known as, called (heard, known, famous, declared)

Words meanings and morphology

रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Rāvaṇa (name of the demon king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (proper name, king of Laṅkā)

नाम (nāma) - by name, indeed, namely

(indeclinable)

Note: Used to introduce a name or emphasize.

दुर्वृत्तः (durvṛttaḥ) - ill-behaved, wicked, evil

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durvṛtta

durvṛtta - ill-behaved, wicked, evil

Past Passive Participle (compound)

from √vṛt with prefix dur

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dur+vṛtta)

• dur – bad, difficult
  indeclinable
• vṛtta – behaved, acted, happened
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from √vṛt
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'rāvaṇaḥ' and 'rākṣasaḥ'.

राक्षसः (rākṣasaḥ) - demon, a rākṣasa

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - demon, evil spirit, rākṣasa

Note: Agrees with 'rāvaṇaḥ'.

राक्षसेश्वरः (rākṣaseśvaraḥ) - lord of rākṣasas, chief of demons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rākṣaseśvara

rākṣaseśvara - lord of rākṣasas

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (rākṣasa+īśvara)

• rākṣasa – demon, rākṣasa
  noun (masculine)
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'rāvaṇaḥ'.

तस्य (tasya) - his, of him

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

Note: Refers to Rāvaṇa.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Subject.

अनुजः (anujaḥ) - younger brother

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anuja

anuja - younger brother, born after

Compound type : upapada (anu+jan)

• anu – after, along, with
  indeclinable
• ja – born, produced
  adjective
  nominal derivative from √jan
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'aham'.

भ्राता (bhrātā) - brother

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: Predicate nominative for 'aham'.

विभीषणः (vibhīṣaṇaḥ) - Vibhīṣaṇa (name of a Rākṣasa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vibhīṣaṇa

vibhīṣaṇa - Vibhīṣaṇa (proper name, brother of Rāvaṇa)

Note: Forms part of the identification 'Vibhīṣaṇa iti śrutaḥ'.

इति (iti) - called, named (thus, so, (marks quoted speech or thought))

(indeclinable)

Note: Precedes 'śrutaḥ' to mean 'known as'.

श्रुतः (śrutaḥ) - known as, called (heard, known, famous, declared)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śruta

śruta - heard, known, famous, taught

Past Passive Participle

from √śru

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'aham' (implied, by context 'I am known as Vibhīṣaṇa').