महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-35, verse-12

तेषां तु कर्मणा राजंस्तथैवाध्ययनेन च ।
त्रितः स श्रेष्ठतां प्राप यथैवास्य पिता तथा ॥१२॥

12. teṣāṁ tu karmaṇā rājaṁstathaivādhyayanena ca ,
tritaḥ sa śreṣṭhatāṁ prāpa yathaivāsya pitā tathā.

12. teṣām tu karmaṇā rājan tathā eva adhyayanena ca
tritaḥ sa śreṣṭhatām prāpa yathā eva asya pitā tathā

12. rājan,
teṣām tu sa tritaḥ karmaṇā ca tathā eva adhyayanena ca,
asya pitā yathā eva,
tathā śreṣṭhatām prāpa

12. O king, among them, Trita attained superiority by his actions (karma) and likewise by his study, just as his father had.

Words meanings summery:

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, among them

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by action, by deed, by work, by ritual

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner, similarly

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only, just

• अध्ययनेन (adhyayanena) - by study, by learning, by reading

• च (ca) - and, also

• त्रितः (tritaḥ) - Trita (proper name)

• स (sa) - he, that

• श्रेष्ठताम् (śreṣṭhatām) - superiority, excellence, pre-eminence

• प्राप (prāpa) - he obtained, he achieved, he reached

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, in which way

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only, just

• अस्य (asya) - his, of him, of this

• पिता (pitā) - father

• तथा (tathā) - so, thus, similarly

Words meanings and morphology

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, among them

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by action, by deed, by work, by ritual

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, ritual, fate (karma)

Derived from root kṛ (to do) with suffix -man.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner, similarly

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only, just

(indeclinable)

अध्ययनेन (adhyayanena) - by study, by learning, by reading

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of adhyayana

adhyayana - study, learning, reading

nominalization

Derived from root i (to go) with prefix adhi and suffix -ana (creating a noun of action/result).

Prefix: adhi

Root: i (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

त्रितः (tritaḥ) - Trita (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of trita

trita - Trita (name of an ancient Rishi or deity, often associated with Vāyu or Agni)

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

श्रेष्ठताम् (śreṣṭhatām) - superiority, excellence, pre-eminence

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śreṣṭhatā

śreṣṭhatā - superiority, excellence, pre-eminence, highest quality

Abstract noun formed by adding suffix -tā to adjective śreṣṭha (best, most excellent).

प्राप (prāpa) - he obtained, he achieved, he reached

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of prāp

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, in which way

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only, just

(indeclinable)

अस्य (asya) - his, of him, of this

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

पिता (pitā) - father

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor

तथा (tathā) - so, thus, similarly

(indeclinable)