महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-1, verse-8

शल्यं सेनापतिं कृत्वा विधिवद्राजपुंगवः ।
रणाय निर्ययौ राजा हतशेषैर्नृपैः सह ॥८॥

8. śalyaṁ senāpatiṁ kṛtvā vidhivadrājapuṁgavaḥ ,
raṇāya niryayau rājā hataśeṣairnṛpaiḥ saha.

8. śalyam senāpatim kṛtvā vidhivat rājapuṅgavaḥ
raṇāya niryayau rājā hata-śeṣaiḥ nṛpaiḥ saha

8. rājapuṅgavaḥ rājā śalyam senāpatim vidhivat
kṛtvā hata-śeṣaiḥ nṛpaiḥ saha raṇāya niryayau

8. Having properly appointed Śalya as commander-in-chief, that chief among kings (rājapuṅgava), the king, set out for battle accompanied by the surviving kings.

Words meanings summery:

• शल्यम् (śalyam) - the name of a king, who became commander-in-chief (Śalya)

• सेनापतिम् (senāpatim) - commander-in-chief, general of an army

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made, having appointed

• विधिवत् (vidhivat) - according to rule, properly, ritually

• राजपुङ्गवः (rājapuṅgavaḥ) - Duryodhana (chief among kings, excellent king)

• रणाय (raṇāya) - for battle, for war

• निर्ययौ (niryayau) - he went forth, he set out

• राजा (rājā) - Duryodhana (the king)

• हत-शेषैः (hata-śeṣaiḥ) - by the remaining from the slain, with the survivors (from the killed)

• नृपैः (nṛpaiḥ) - by the kings, with the kings

• सह (saha) - with, along with

Words meanings and morphology

शल्यम् (śalyam) - the name of a king, who became commander-in-chief (Śalya)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śalya

śalya - dart, arrow; name of a king

सेनापतिम् (senāpatim) - commander-in-chief, general of an army

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of senāpati

senāpati - commander of an army, general

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (senā+pati)

• senā – army, host, troop
  noun (feminine)
• pati – lord, master, husband, chief
  noun (masculine)

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made, having appointed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (kṛtvā pratyaya)

Indeclinable participle (absolutive) of the root kṛ- (to do, make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

विधिवत् (vidhivat) - according to rule, properly, ritually

(indeclinable)

Derived from vidhi- (rule, ordinance) with the suffix -vat.

राजपुङ्गवः (rājapuṅgavaḥ) - Duryodhana (chief among kings, excellent king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājapuṅgava

rājapuṅgava - chief of kings, excellent king

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+puṅgava)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• puṅgava – bull; chief, excellent (used as an honorific suffix)
  noun (masculine)

रणाय (raṇāya) - for battle, for war

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, war; joy, pleasure

Root: raṇ (class 1)

निर्ययौ (niryayau) - he went forth, he set out

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of niryā

Root 'yā' preceded by upasarga 'nir'. Perfect tense, 3rd person singular.

Prefix: nir

Root: yā (class 2)

राजा (rājā) - Duryodhana (the king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

हत-शेषैः (hata-śeṣaiḥ) - by the remaining from the slain, with the survivors (from the killed)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of hata-śeṣa

hata-śeṣa - remaining from the slain, survivor

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hata+śeṣa)

• hata – slain, killed, struck
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of the root han- (to strike, kill).
  Root: han (class 2)
• śeṣa – remaining, residue, remainder
  noun (masculine)

नृपैः (nṛpaiḥ) - by the kings, with the kings

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler

सह (saha) - with, along with

(indeclinable)