महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-1, verse-2

उदीर्यमाणं च बलं दृष्ट्वा राजा सुयोधनः ।
पाण्डवैः प्राप्तकालं च किं प्रापद्यत कौरवः ॥२॥

2. udīryamāṇaṁ ca balaṁ dṛṣṭvā rājā suyodhanaḥ ,
pāṇḍavaiḥ prāptakālaṁ ca kiṁ prāpadyata kauravaḥ.

2. udīryamāṇaṃ ca balam dṛṣṭvā rājā suyodhanaḥ
pāṇḍavaiḥ prāptakālam ca kim prāpadyata kauravaḥ

2. rājā suyodhanaḥ kauravaḥ ca pāṇḍavaiḥ udīryamāṇaṃ
prāptakālam balam ca dṛṣṭvā kim prāpadyata

2. And seeing the army being roused by the Pāṇḍavas, which was timely, what course of action did King Duryodhana (Suyodhana), the Kuru prince, then adopt?

Words meanings summery:

• उदीर्यमाणं (udīryamāṇaṁ) - being roused (the army) (being roused, being agitated, being stirred up)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• बलम् (balam) - army (army, strength, force)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (having seen, after seeing)

• राजा (rājā) - king

• सुयोधनः (suyodhanaḥ) - King Suyodhana (Duryodhana) (Duryodhana (name of a Kuru prince))

• पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - by the Pāṇḍavas

• प्राप्तकालम् (prāptakālam) - opportune, appropriate for the moment (timely, opportune)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• किम् (kim) - what? (what?, why?)

• प्रापद्यत (prāpadyata) - he adopt (he undertook, he resorted to, he did)

• कौरवः (kauravaḥ) - the Kuru (prince, referring to Suyodhana) (a descendant of Kuru; a Kuru prince)

Words meanings and morphology

उदीर्यमाणं (udīryamāṇaṁ) - being roused (the army) (being roused, being agitated, being stirred up)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of udīryamāṇa

udīryamāṇa - being roused, being agitated, being caused to rise

Present Passive Participle

From root 'īr' with upasarga 'ud', passive voice, present tense

Prefix: ud

Root: īr (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'balam'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

बलम् (balam) - army (army, strength, force)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, might, army, force

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (having seen, after seeing)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'dṛś'

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Expresses an action completed before the main verb.

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Subject of the main clause.

सुयोधनः (suyodhanaḥ) - King Suyodhana (Duryodhana) (Duryodhana (name of a Kuru prince))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suyodhana

suyodhana - easy to fight; (proper noun) an epithet of Duryodhana (king of the Kurus)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (su+yodhana)

• su – good, well, easy
  indeclinable
• yodhana – fighting, warrior
  noun (masculine)
  suffix -ana
  From root 'yudh' (to fight)
  Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Another name for Duryodhana.

पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - by the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu; the Pāṇḍavas (the five sons of Pāṇḍu)

Patronymic from Pāṇḍu

Note: Agent of the passive participle 'udīryamāṇam'.

प्राप्तकालम् (prāptakālam) - opportune, appropriate for the moment (timely, opportune)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of prāptakāla

prāptakāla - whose time has come, timely, opportune

Compound: prāpta (obtained) + kāla (time)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (prāpta+kāla)

• prāpta – obtained, reached, arrived
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'āp' with upasarga 'pra'
  Prefix: pra
  Root: āp (class 5)
• kāla – time, season, proper time
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'balam'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

किम् (kim) - what? (what?, why?)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what?, who?, which?, why?, how?

Note: Interrogative pronoun.

प्रापद्यत (prāpadyata) - he adopt (he undertook, he resorted to, he did)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of pad

Imperfect Middle

3rd person singular, Imperfect middle, from root 'pad' with upasarga 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: From root 'pad' with prefix 'pra'.

कौरवः (kauravaḥ) - the Kuru (prince, referring to Suyodhana) (a descendant of Kuru; a Kuru prince)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaurava

kaurava - descendant of Kuru; belonging to the Kurus

Patronymic from Kuru

Note: Refers to Suyodhana.