महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-1, verse-36

कालेन निहतं सर्वं जगद्वै भरतर्षभ ।
दुर्योधनं वै पुरतः कृत्वा वैरस्य भारत ॥३६॥

36. kālena nihataṁ sarvaṁ jagadvai bharatarṣabha ,
duryodhanaṁ vai purataḥ kṛtvā vairasya bhārata.

36. kālena nihatam sarvam jagat vai bharatarṣabha |
duryodhanam vai purataḥ kṛtvā vairasya bhārata

36. bharatarṣabha,
kālena sarvam jagat vai nihatam bhārata,
duryodhanam vairasya purataḥ kṛtvā vai

36. Indeed, O best among the Bhāratas (bharatarṣabha), all of creation (jagat) has been destroyed by time (kāla). O Bhārata, this happened because Duryodhana was placed at the forefront of the hostility.

Words meanings summery:

• कालेन (kālena) - by time, by destiny

• निहतम् (nihatam) - destroyed, slain, killed

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, entire

• जगत् (jagat) - All of creation, the entire realm of existence. (world, universe, creation, all living beings)

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O best among the Bhāratas)

• दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - Duryodhana

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

• पुरतः (purataḥ) - in front, at the head, primarily

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - Having made Duryodhana the primary cause or leader. (having done, having made, having placed)

• वैरस्य (vairasya) - of hostility, of enmity

• भारत (bhārata) - Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O Bhārata)

Words meanings and morphology

कालेन (kālena) - by time, by destiny

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, season, destiny, death

निहतम् (nihatam) - destroyed, slain, killed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nihata

nihata - struck down, killed, destroyed, ruined

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'han' (to strike, kill) with the prefix 'ni-' and suffix -kta.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'jagat'.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, entire

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Agrees with 'jagat'.

जगत् (jagat) - All of creation, the entire realm of existence. (world, universe, creation, all living beings)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - world, universe, living beings, moving

Present active participle of root gam, used as a noun.

Root: gam (class 1)

वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

(indeclinable)

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O best among the Bhāratas)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - best of the Bharatas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, a king of the lunar dynasty
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, best, excellent one
  noun (masculine)

दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (eldest son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

(indeclinable)

पुरतः (purataḥ) - in front, at the head, primarily

(indeclinable)

Ablative adverb derived from 'pura' (front).

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - Having made Duryodhana the primary cause or leader. (having done, having made, having placed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from the root 'kṛ' (to do, make) with the absolutive suffix -ktvā.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

वैरस्य (vairasya) - of hostility, of enmity

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of vaira

vaira - enmity, hostility, hatred

Derived from 'vīra' (hero) or 'vira' (hostile).

भारत (bhārata) - Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O Bhārata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, belonging to Bharata

Patronymic from Bharata.