महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-1, verse-13

तस्मिन्हते महेष्वासे हतशिष्टास्त्रयो रथाः ।
संरभान्निशि राजेन्द्र जघ्नुः पाञ्चालसैनिकान् ॥१३॥

13. tasminhate maheṣvāse hataśiṣṭāstrayo rathāḥ ,
saṁrabhānniśi rājendra jaghnuḥ pāñcālasainikān.

13. tasmin hate mahā-īṣvāse hata-śiṣṭāḥ trayaḥ rathāḥ
saṃrambhāt niśi rāja-indra jaghnuḥ pāñcāla-sainikān

13. rāja-indra,
tasmin mahā-īṣvāse hate,
hata-śiṣṭāḥ trayaḥ rathāḥ saṃrambhāt niśi pāñcāla-sainikān jaghnuḥ.

13. O king (rāja-indra), after that great archer was slain, the three surviving charioteers, filled with rage, killed the Pañcāla soldiers during the night.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - concerning that great archer (in that, on that, to that, concerning that)

• हते (hate) - when killed (killed, slain, destroyed)

• महा-ईष्वासे (mahā-īṣvāse) - in the great archer (referring to Droṇa) (in the great archer)

• हत-शिष्टाः (hata-śiṣṭāḥ) - the survivors (of the Kuru army's charioteers) (remaining after being killed, survivors)

• त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three

• रथाः (rathāḥ) - charioteers, warriors (chariots, charioteers, warriors (often used metaphorically for warriors))

• संरम्भात् (saṁrambhāt) - out of profound rage (out of rage, with fury, from excitement)

• निशि (niśi) - during the night (at night, in the night)

• राज-इन्द्र (rāja-indra) - O king (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O king of kings, O best of kings)

• जघ्नुः (jaghnuḥ) - they killed (they killed, they struck)

• पाञ्चाल-सैनिकान् (pāñcāla-sainikān) - the soldiers of the Pañcālas (the Pañcāla soldiers)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - concerning that great archer (in that, on that, to that, concerning that)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction.

हते (hate) - when killed (killed, slain, destroyed)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, slain, struck, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'han' (to strike, kill)

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction with 'tasmin mahā-īṣvāse'.

महा-ईष्वासे (mahā-īṣvāse) - in the great archer (referring to Droṇa) (in the great archer)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahā-īṣvāsa

mahā-īṣvāsa - a great archer, one with a mighty bow

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+īṣvāsa)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• īṣvāsa – bow, archer (one who holds a bow)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction.

हत-शिष्टाः (hata-śiṣṭāḥ) - the survivors (of the Kuru army's charioteers) (remaining after being killed, survivors)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hata-śiṣṭa

hata-śiṣṭa - remaining after being killed, survivor

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hata+śiṣṭa)

• hata – killed, slain
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'han'
  Root: han (class 2)
• śiṣṭa – remaining, left over, preserved
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'śiṣ' (to leave, to remain)
  Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: Qualifies 'trayaḥ rathāḥ'.

त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three

(numeral)

Note: Refers to the three charioteers.

रथाः (rathāḥ) - charioteers, warriors (chariots, charioteers, warriors (often used metaphorically for warriors))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ratha

ratha - chariot, car; charioteer, warrior in a chariot

Note: Refers to the three surviving Kuru warriors (Aśvatthāman, Kṛpa, Kṛtavarman).

संरम्भात् (saṁrambhāt) - out of profound rage (out of rage, with fury, from excitement)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of saṃrambha

saṁrambha - rage, fury, indignation, excitement, vehemence

From 'sam-' + 'rambh' (to start, to be violent)

Prefix: sam

Root: rambh (class 1)

Note: Indicates the cause or manner of action.

निशि (niśi) - during the night (at night, in the night)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of niś

niś - night

Note: Indicates time.

राज-इन्द्र (rāja-indra) - O king (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O king of kings, O best of kings)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāja-indra

rāja-indra - chief of kings, king of kings, supreme ruler

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+indra)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• indra – lord, chief, Indra (the god)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra by Saṃjaya.

जघ्नुः (jaghnuḥ) - they killed (they killed, they struck)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of han

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Root 'han', 3rd plural perfect active.

पाञ्चाल-सैनिकान् (pāñcāla-sainikān) - the soldiers of the Pañcālas (the Pañcāla soldiers)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāñcāla-sainika

pāñcāla-sainika - a soldier of the Pañcāla kingdom

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāñcāla+sainika)

• pāñcāla – belonging to the Pañcāla kingdom/people (a kingdom in ancient India)
  adjective
• sainika – soldier, warrior, army man
  noun (masculine)

Note: Direct object of 'jaghnuḥ'.