महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-1, verse-40

निःसंज्ञं पतितं भूमौ तदासीद्राजमण्डलम् ।
प्रलापयुक्ता महती कथा न्यस्ता पटे यथा ॥४०॥

40. niḥsaṁjñaṁ patitaṁ bhūmau tadāsīdrājamaṇḍalam ,
pralāpayuktā mahatī kathā nyastā paṭe yathā.

40. niḥsaṃjñam patitam bhūmau tadā āsīt rājamaṇḍalam
pralāpayuktā mahatī kathā nyastā paṭe yathā

40. tadā niḥsaṃjñam patitam rājamaṇḍalam bhūmau āsīt
pralāpayuktā mahatī kathā paṭe nyastā yathā

40. Then the entire royal assembly lay fallen on the ground, unconscious. It was a great, lamentation-filled scene, as if painted on a canvas.

Words meanings summery:

• निःसंज्ञम् (niḥsaṁjñam) - unconscious (unconscious, senseless, without perception)

• पतितम् (patitam) - fallen (fallen, collapsed)

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground (on the ground, on the earth)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was (was, existed)

• राजमण्डलम् (rājamaṇḍalam) - the royal assembly (royal circle, assembly of kings, royal court)

• प्रलापयुक्ता (pralāpayuktā) - lamentation-filled (filled with lamentation, accompanied by wailing)

• महती (mahatī) - great (great, large, mighty)

• कथा (kathā) - scene (story, tale, narrative, situation, scene)

• न्यस्ता (nyastā) - depicted (placed, laid down, depicted)

• पटे (paṭe) - on a canvas (on a cloth, on a painting, on a canvas)

• यथा (yathā) - as if (as, like, just as)

Words meanings and morphology

निःसंज्ञम् (niḥsaṁjñam) - unconscious (unconscious, senseless, without perception)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of niḥsaṃjña

niḥsaṁjña - unconscious, senseless, without consciousness

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+saṃjñā)

• nis – without, out, free from
  indeclinable
• saṃjñā – consciousness, knowledge, sign, name
  noun (feminine)

Note: Adverbially modifying the state of 'rājamaṇḍalam'.

पतितम् (patitam) - fallen (fallen, collapsed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of patita

patita - fallen, descended, prostrate

Past Passive Participle

From root √pat (to fall).

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'rājamaṇḍalam'.

भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground (on the ground, on the earth)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, soil

Note: Locative of place.

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

आसीत् (āsīt) - was (was, existed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect tense

Aorist-like formation in usage.

Root: as (class 2)

राजमण्डलम् (rājamaṇḍalam) - the royal assembly (royal circle, assembly of kings, royal court)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rājamaṇḍala

rājamaṇḍala - circle of kings, royal court, royal domain

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+maṇḍala)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• maṇḍala – circle, disc, area, assembly, region
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of 'āsīt'.

प्रलापयुक्ता (pralāpayuktā) - lamentation-filled (filled with lamentation, accompanied by wailing)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pralāpayukta

pralāpayukta - connected with lamentation, full of wailing

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pralāpa+yukta)

• pralāpa – lamentation, wailing, incoherent speech
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: pra
• yukta – joined, connected, endowed with, fit
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √yuj (to join).
  Root: yuj (class 7)

महती (mahatī) - great (great, large, mighty)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important, mighty

Note: Modifies 'kathā'.

कथा (kathā) - scene (story, tale, narrative, situation, scene)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kathā

kathā - story, tale, narrative, conversation, situation, scene

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Subject of the comparison.

न्यस्ता (nyastā) - depicted (placed, laid down, depicted)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nyasta

nyasta - placed, laid down, deposited, depicted, drawn

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √as (to throw) with prefix 'ni-'.

Prefix: ni

Root: as (class 4)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'kathā'.

पटे (paṭe) - on a canvas (on a cloth, on a painting, on a canvas)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of paṭa

paṭa - cloth, garment, canvas, screen

Note: Locative of place.

यथा (yathā) - as if (as, like, just as)

(indeclinable)