महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-1, verse-24

रुदन्नेवाब्रवीद्वाक्यं राजानं जनमेजय ।
नातिहृष्टमनाः सूतो बाष्पसंदिग्धया गिरा ॥२४॥

24. rudannevābravīdvākyaṁ rājānaṁ janamejaya ,
nātihṛṣṭamanāḥ sūto bāṣpasaṁdigdhayā girā.

24. rudan eva abravīt vākyam rājānam janamejaya
na atihṛṣṭamanāḥ sūtaḥ bāṣpasaṃdigdhayā girā

24. janamejaya rudan eva nātihṛṣṭamanāḥ sūtaḥ
rājānam bāṣpasaṃdigdhayā girā vākyam abravīt

24. O Janamejaya, the charioteer, weeping and with a heavy heart, spoke these words to the king in a voice choked with tears.

Words meanings summery:

• रुदन् (rudan) - Describing Sanjaya's state as he spoke. (weeping, crying)

• एव (eva) - Emphasizing that he *was* weeping as he spoke. (indeed, only, just)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - Sanjaya spoke. (he spoke, he said)

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - The statement made by Sanjaya. (word, speech, statement)

• राजानम् (rājānam) - To King Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (to the king)

• जनमेजय (janamejaya) - Vaiśaṃpāyana addressing King Janamejaya. (O Janamejaya)

• न (na) - Negates 'atihṛṣṭamanāḥ' (exceedingly joyful mind). (not, no)

• अतिहृष्टमनाः (atihṛṣṭamanāḥ) - Describing Sanjaya's mental state, which was *not* joyful. (with an exceedingly joyful mind, very happy-minded)

• सूतः (sūtaḥ) - The charioteer Sanjaya. (charioteer)

• बाष्पसंदिग्धया (bāṣpasaṁdigdhayā) - Describing Sanjaya's voice. (with a voice choked with tears, tear-choked)

• गिरा (girā) - The voice used by Sanjaya. (with a voice, with speech)

Words meanings and morphology

रुदन् (rudan) - Describing Sanjaya's state as he spoke. (weeping, crying)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rudat

rudat - weeping, crying

Present Active Participle

Derived from root rud (to weep) with śatṛ suffix.

Root: rud (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'sūtaḥ'.

एव (eva) - Emphasizing that he *was* weeping as he spoke. (indeed, only, just)

(indeclinable)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - Sanjaya spoke. (he spoke, he said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Active

Root 'brū', imperfect, 3rd person singular, active voice.

Root: brū (class 2)

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - The statement made by Sanjaya. (word, speech, statement)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, statement, sentence

Note: Object of 'abravīt'.

राजानम् (rājānam) - To King Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (to the king)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

जनमेजय (janamejaya) - Vaiśaṃpāyana addressing King Janamejaya. (O Janamejaya)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of janamejaya

janamejaya - Janamejaya (name of a king, a descendant of the Pāṇḍavas)

न (na) - Negates 'atihṛṣṭamanāḥ' (exceedingly joyful mind). (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अतिहृष्टमनाः (atihṛṣṭamanāḥ) - Describing Sanjaya's mental state, which was *not* joyful. (with an exceedingly joyful mind, very happy-minded)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atihṛṣṭamanas

atihṛṣṭamanas - having an exceedingly joyful mind

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ati+hṛṣṭa+manas)

• ati – exceedingly, very, beyond
  indeclinable
• hṛṣṭa – joyful, glad, delighted
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root hṛṣ (to be excited, to rejoice).
  Root: hṛṣ (class 1)
• manas – mind, intellect, heart
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'sūtaḥ'.

सूतः (sūtaḥ) - The charioteer Sanjaya. (charioteer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūta

sūta - charioteer, bard

बाष्पसंदिग्धया (bāṣpasaṁdigdhayā) - Describing Sanjaya's voice. (with a voice choked with tears, tear-choked)

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of bāṣpasaṃdigdhā

bāṣpasaṁdigdhā - choked with tears, indistinct due to tears

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bāṣpa+saṃdigdhā)

• bāṣpa – tear, vapor, mist
  noun (masculine)
• saṃdigdhā – indistinct, choked, suspicious, doubtful
  adjective (feminine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root dih (to smear, to choke) with upasarga sam.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: dih (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'girā'.

गिरा (girā) - The voice used by Sanjaya. (with a voice, with speech)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of gīr

gīr - voice, speech, word