महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-56, verse-5

तत्प्रभग्नं बलं दृष्ट्वा कौन्तेयेनामितौजसा ।
राधेयानामधिरथः कर्णः किमकरोद्युधि ॥५॥

5. tatprabhagnaṁ balaṁ dṛṣṭvā kaunteyenāmitaujasā ,
rādheyānāmadhirathaḥ karṇaḥ kimakarodyudhi.

5. tatprabhagnam balam dṛṣṭvā kaunteyena amita-ojasā
rādheyānām adhirathaḥ karṇaḥ kim akarot yudhi

5. kaunteyena amita-ojasā tatprabhagnam balam dṛṣṭvā,
rādheyānām adhirathaḥ karṇaḥ yudhi kim akarot?

5. Seeing that army completely shattered by the immensely powerful son of Kunti (Arjuna), what did Karna, the chief charioteer among the Radheyas, do in battle?

Words meanings summery:

• तत्प्रभग्नम् (tatprabhagnam) - that completely shattered, utterly broken

• बलम् (balam) - army, force, strength

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having perceived

• कौन्तेयेन (kaunteyena) - by Arjuna (by the son of Kunti)

• अमित-ओजसा (amita-ojasā) - by one of immeasurable might/energy

• राधेयानाम् (rādheyānām) - of those associated with Rādhā's son (Karna) (of the Radheyas (sons of Rādhā))

• अधिरथः (adhirathaḥ) - chief charioteer, foremost warrior

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna

• किम् (kim) - what?

• अकरोत् (akarot) - he did, he made

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war

Words meanings and morphology

तत्प्रभग्नम् (tatprabhagnam) - that completely shattered, utterly broken

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tatprabhagna

tatprabhagna - that which is completely broken, utterly defeated

Past Passive Participle (used as adjective)

Compound of 'tat' (that) and 'prabhagna' (shattered, from pra-bhañj, to break). 'prabhagna' is a PPP.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (tat+prabhagna)

• tat – that, it
  pronoun (neuter)
• prabhagna – shattered, broken, defeated
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'bhañj' with prefix 'pra'.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: bhañj (class 7)

बलम् (balam) - army, force, strength

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, army, force

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having perceived

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Absolutive form of the root 'dṛś'.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

कौन्तेयेन (kaunteyena) - by Arjuna (by the son of Kunti)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kaunteya

kaunteya - son of Kunti (e.g., Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma, Arjuna)

Derived from 'Kunti'.

अमित-ओजसा (amita-ojasā) - by one of immeasurable might/energy

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of amita-ojas

amita-ojas - immeasurable energy, immense might

Bahuvrīhi compound indicating 'he whose energy is immeasurable'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (amita+ojas)

• amita – immeasurable, unlimited
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'mā' (to measure) with negative prefix 'a'.
  Prefix: a
  Root: mā (class 2)
• ojas – strength, power, energy, might
  noun (neuter)

राधेयानाम् (rādheyānām) - of those associated with Rādhā's son (Karna) (of the Radheyas (sons of Rādhā))

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rādheya

rādheya - son of Rādhā (an epithet for Karna)

Derived from 'Rādhā'.

अधिरथः (adhirathaḥ) - chief charioteer, foremost warrior

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adhiratha

adhiratha - chief charioteer, excellent warrior, one on a chariot

Compound 'adhi' (chief, superior) + 'ratha' (chariot/warrior).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (adhi+ratha)

• adhi – over, above, chief
  indeclinable
• ratha – chariot, warrior
  noun (masculine)

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (proper noun), ear

किम् (kim) - what?

(interrogative pronoun)

अकरोत् (akarot) - he did, he made

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (Laṅ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, war, fight