महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-56, verse-31

तत्राक्रन्दो महानासीत्पाञ्चालानां महारणे ।
वध्यतां सायकैस्तीक्ष्णैः कर्णचापवरच्युतैः ॥३१॥

31. tatrākrando mahānāsītpāñcālānāṁ mahāraṇe ,
vadhyatāṁ sāyakaistīkṣṇaiḥ karṇacāpavaracyutaiḥ.

31. tatra ākrandaḥ mahān āsīt pāñcālānām mahāraṇe
vadhyatām sāyakaiḥ tīkṣṇaiḥ karṇacāpavara-cyutaiḥ

31. tatra mahāraṇe pāñcālānām mahān ākrandaḥ āsīt
karṇacāpavara-cyutaiḥ tīkṣṇaiḥ sāyakaiḥ vadhyatām

31. There was a great lamentation (ākranda) among the Pāñcālas in that immense battle, as they were being slaughtered by the sharp arrows released from Karna's excellent bow.

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• आक्रन्दः (ākrandaḥ) - lamentation, cry, wail, great noise

• महान् (mahān) - great, mighty, loud

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

• पाञ्चालानाम् (pāñcālānām) - of the Pāñcālas (people from Pañcāla kingdom)

• महारणे (mahāraṇe) - in the great battle

• वध्यताम् (vadhyatām) - Referring to the cause or subject of the lamentation (slaughter, the state of being killed)

• सायकैः (sāyakaiḥ) - by arrows

• तीक्ष्णैः (tīkṣṇaiḥ) - by sharp (arrows), by keen (arrows)

• कर्णचापवर-च्युतैः (karṇacāpavara-cyutaiḥ) - by those released from Karna's excellent bow

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

आक्रन्दः (ākrandaḥ) - lamentation, cry, wail, great noise

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ākranda

ākranda - lamentation, cry of distress, loud wail, battle cry

Derived from prefix ā + root √krand 'to cry'

Prefix: ā

Root: krand (class 1)

महान् (mahān) - great, mighty, loud

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, considerable

आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of √as

imperfect active

Imperfect, 3rd person, singular, active voice

Root: as (class 2)

पाञ्चालानाम् (pāñcālānām) - of the Pāñcālas (people from Pañcāla kingdom)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāñcāla

pāñcāla - a king or a person of the Pañcāla country; the Pañcālas (plural)

महारणे (mahāraṇe) - in the great battle

(noun)

Locative, masculine/neuter, singular of mahāraṇa

mahāraṇa - great battle, mighty war

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahā+raṇa)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• raṇa – battle, fight, war
  noun (masculine/neuter)

वध्यताम् (vadhyatām) - Referring to the cause or subject of the lamentation (slaughter, the state of being killed)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vadhyatā

vadhyatā - slaughter, execution, state of being killed

Abstract noun formed from gerundive 'vadhya' + 'tā' (suffix for abstract feminine noun)

Note: Here interpreted as a nominalized action referring to the slaughter itself, functioning in relation to the cry.

सायकैः (sāyakaiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sāyaka

sāyaka - arrow, dart

Root: si (class 4)

तीक्ष्णैः (tīkṣṇaiḥ) - by sharp (arrows), by keen (arrows)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tīkṣṇa

tīkṣṇa - sharp, keen, pungent, severe, fierce

कर्णचापवर-च्युतैः (karṇacāpavara-cyutaiḥ) - by those released from Karna's excellent bow

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of karṇacāpavara-cyuta

karṇacāpavara-cyuta - released from Karna's excellent bow

Past Passive Participle

Compound (Tatpuruṣa) qualifying 'sāyakaiḥ'

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (karṇa+cāpa+vara+cyuta)

• karṇa – Karna
  proper noun (masculine)
• cāpa – bow
  noun (masculine/neuter)
• vara – excellent, best, choice
  adjective
• cyuta – fallen, discharged, released, dropped
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √cyu 'to move, fall, drop'
  Root: cyu (class 1)