महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-56, verse-10

प्रविश्य च स तां सेनां शल्यः परबलार्दनः ।
न्ययच्छत्तुरगान्हृष्टो यत्र यत्रैच्छदग्रणीः ॥१०॥

10. praviśya ca sa tāṁ senāṁ śalyaḥ parabalārdanaḥ ,
nyayacchatturagānhṛṣṭo yatra yatraicchadagraṇīḥ.

10. praviśya ca saḥ tām senām śalyaḥ parabalārdanaḥ
nyayacchat turagān hṛṣṭaḥ yatra yatra aicchat agraṇīḥ

10. saḥ अग्रणीः परबलार्दनः शalyaḥ ca tām senām praviśya
hṛṣṭaḥ yatra yatra aicchat turagān nyayacchat

10. Having entered that army, the leader Shalya, the tormentor of enemy forces, delighted, steered his horses wherever he wished.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रविश्य (praviśya) - having entered

• च (ca) - and

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• ताम् (tām) - that (feminine)

• सेनाम् (senām) - army

• शल्यः (śalyaḥ) - Shalya (a king)

• परबलार्दनः (parabalārdanaḥ) - tormentor of enemy forces

• न्ययच्छत् (nyayacchat) - steered, controlled

• तुरगान् (turagān) - horses

• हृष्टः (hṛṣṭaḥ) - delighted, joyful

• यत्र (yatra) - where, wherever

• यत्र (yatra) - where, wherever

• ऐच्छत् (aicchat) - he wished, he desired

• अग्रणीः (agraṇīḥ) - leader, chief

Words meanings and morphology

प्रविश्य (praviśya) - having entered

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

formed from root viś (to enter) with upasarga pra- and suffix -ya

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

ताम् (tām) - that (feminine)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

सेनाम् (senām) - army

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of senā

senā - army, host, forces

शल्यः (śalyaḥ) - Shalya (a king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śalya

śalya - Shalya (name of the king of Madras)

परबलार्दनः (parabalārdanaḥ) - tormentor of enemy forces

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parabalārdana

parabalārdana - destroyer of enemy armies, tormentor of hostile forces

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (para+bala+ardana)

• para – other, enemy, hostile
  adjective
• bala – strength, force, army
  noun (neuter)
• ardana – tormenting, afflicting, destroying
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  derived from root ard (to torment, afflict)
  Root: ard (class 1)

न्ययच्छत् (nyayacchat) - steered, controlled

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of nyayacchat

Imperfect Active

3rd person singular imperfect active of root yam (to control, restrain) with upasarga ni-

Prefix: ni

Root: yam (class 1)

तुरगान् (turagān) - horses

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of turaga

turaga - horse (lit. 'going swiftly')

हृष्टः (hṛṣṭaḥ) - delighted, joyful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hṛṣṭa

hṛṣṭa - delighted, pleased, joyful, thrilled

Past Passive Participle

derived from root hṛṣ (to be excited, delighted)

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

यत्र (yatra) - where, wherever

(indeclinable)

यत्र (yatra) - where, wherever

(indeclinable)

ऐच्छत् (aicchat) - he wished, he desired

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of aicchat

Imperfect Active

3rd person singular imperfect active of root iṣ (to wish, desire)

Root: iṣ (class 6)

अग्रणीः (agraṇīḥ) - leader, chief

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of agraṇī

agraṇī - leader, guide, chief

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (agra+nī)

• agra – front, tip, chief
  noun (neuter)
• nī – leading, guiding (from root nī)
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  derived from root nī (to lead)
  Root: nī (class 1)