महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-56, verse-16

सात्यकिस्तु ततः कर्णं विंशत्या निशितैः शरैः ।
अताडयद्रणे शूरो जत्रुदेशे नरोत्तमः ॥१६॥

16. sātyakistu tataḥ karṇaṁ viṁśatyā niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ ,
atāḍayadraṇe śūro jatrudeśe narottamaḥ.

16. sātyakiḥ tu tataḥ karṇaṃ viṃśatyā niśitaiḥ
śaraiḥ atāḍayat raṇe śūraḥ jatrudeśe narottamaḥ

16. tu tataḥ śūraḥ narottamaḥ sātyakiḥ raṇe jatrudeśe
karṇaṃ viṃśatyā niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ atāḍayat

16. But then, the hero, the best of men, Sātyaki, struck Karṇa in battle in the region of the collarbone with twenty sharp arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• सात्यकिः (sātyakiḥ) - Sātyaki

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon

• कर्णं (karṇaṁ) - Karṇa

• विंशत्या (viṁśatyā) - with twenty

• निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - sharp, keen, whetted

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

• अताडयत् (atāḍayat) - struck, hit

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in the fight

• शूरः (śūraḥ) - hero, warrior

• जत्रुदेशे (jatrudeśe) - in the region of the collarbone/shoulder-joint

• नरोत्तमः (narottamaḥ) - Sātyaki, as the best of men. (best of men)

Words meanings and morphology

सात्यकिः (sātyakiḥ) - Sātyaki

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sātyaki

sātyaki - Sātyaki (a Vṛṣṇi hero and an ally of the Pāṇḍavas)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon

(indeclinable)

कर्णं (karṇaṁ) - Karṇa

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karṇa (a principal character in the Mahābhārata)

विंशत्या (viṁśatyā) - with twenty

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of viṃśati

viṁśati - twenty

निशितैः (niśitaiḥ) - sharp, keen, whetted

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of niśita

niśita - sharp, whetted, keen

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'śā/śo' (to sharpen) with prefix 'ni'.

Prefix: ni

Root: śā (class 4)

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

अताडयत् (atāḍayat) - struck, hit

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of taḍ

Imperfect Tense (laṅ)

Root 'taḍ' in its imperfect tense form.

Root: taḍ (class 10)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in the fight

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, fight, conflict

शूरः (śūraḥ) - hero, warrior

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śūra

śūra - hero, warrior, brave man

जत्रुदेशे (jatrudeśe) - in the region of the collarbone/shoulder-joint

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of jatrudeśa

jatrudeśa - region of the collarbone/shoulder-joint

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jatru+deśa)

• jatru – collarbone, shoulder-joint
  noun (neuter)
• deśa – place, region, country
  noun (masculine)

नरोत्तमः (narottamaḥ) - Sātyaki, as the best of men. (best of men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of narottama

narottama - best among men, excellent man

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+uttama)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• uttama – best, highest, excellent
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)