महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-53, verse-27

शकटः पद्मपश्चार्धो व्यूहो द्रोणेन कल्पितः ।
पद्मकर्णिकमध्यस्थः सूचीपाशे जयद्रथः ।
स्थास्यते रक्षितो वीरैः सिन्धुराड्युद्धदुर्मदैः ॥२७॥

27. śakaṭaḥ padmapaścārdho vyūho droṇena kalpitaḥ ,
padmakarṇikamadhyasthaḥ sūcīpāśe jayadrathaḥ ,
sthāsyate rakṣito vīraiḥ sindhurāḍyuddhadurmadaiḥ.

27. śakaṭaḥ padmapaścārdhaḥ vyūhaḥ droṇena
kalpitaḥ padmakarṇikamadhyasthaḥ
sūcīpāśe jayadrathaḥ sthāsyate rakṣitaḥ
vīraiḥ sindhurāṭ yuddhadurmadaiḥ

27. droṇena śakaṭaḥ padmapaścārdhaḥ vyūhaḥ
kalpitaḥ jayadrathaḥ sindhurāṭ
padmakarṇikamadhyasthaḥ sūcīpāśe
yuddhadurmadaiḥ vīraiḥ rakṣitaḥ sthāsyate

27. A `śakaṭa` (cart) formation, with its rear half like a lotus, was devised by Drona. Jayadratha, the lord of Sindhu, will be stationed in the very center of the lotus's pericarp, within a needle-like enclosure (sūcīpāśa), protected by heroes (vīras) who are fiercely arrogant in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• शकटः (śakaṭaḥ) - a cart-shaped battle formation (cart, wagon; a type of military array)

• पद्मपश्चार्धः (padmapaścārdhaḥ) - with its rear half resembling a lotus (formation) (having its rear half like a lotus)

• व्यूहः (vyūhaḥ) - battle array, military formation (battle array, formation, disposition (of troops))

• द्रोणेन (droṇena) - by Dronacharya, the preceptor (by Drona)

• कल्पितः (kalpitaḥ) - devised, arranged (the formation) (devised, arranged, imagined, created)

• पद्मकर्णिकमध्यस्थः (padmakarṇikamadhyasthaḥ) - situated in the very center of the lotus's pericarp (situated in the middle of the lotus pericarp)

• सूचीपाशे (sūcīpāśe) - within a needle-like enclosure (a specific part of the formation) (in the needle-like side/enclosure/flank)

• जयद्रथः (jayadrathaḥ) - Jayadratha, king of Sindhu (Jayadratha (proper name))

• स्थास्यते (sthāsyate) - will be stationed (will stand, will be placed, will remain)

• रक्षितः (rakṣitaḥ) - protected (protected, guarded, preserved)

• वीरैः (vīraiḥ) - by brave warriors (by heroes, by brave men)

• सिन्धुराट् (sindhurāṭ) - Jayadratha, as the king of Sindhu (king of Sindhu, lord of Sindhu)

• युद्धदुर्मदैः (yuddhadurmadaiḥ) - who are fiercely arrogant in battle (maddened/arrogant by battle, fiercely arrogant in battle)

Words meanings and morphology

शकटः (śakaṭaḥ) - a cart-shaped battle formation (cart, wagon; a type of military array)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakaṭa

śakaṭa - cart, wagon; a type of military array

Note: Part of the description of the battle array.

पद्मपश्चार्धः (padmapaścārdhaḥ) - with its rear half resembling a lotus (formation) (having its rear half like a lotus)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of padmapaścārdha

padmapaścārdha - having its rear half like a lotus

Compound type : bahuvrihi (padma+paścārdha)

• padma – lotus
  noun (neuter)
• paścārdha – rear half, latter part
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies `vyūhaḥ`.

व्यूहः (vyūhaḥ) - battle array, military formation (battle array, formation, disposition (of troops))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyūha

vyūha - battle array, formation, disposition (of troops)

Derived from root √ūh (to push, arrange) with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: ūh (class 1)

Note: Subject of the first clause.

द्रोणेन (droṇena) - by Dronacharya, the preceptor (by Drona)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (proper name); a measure of grain; a trough

Note: Agent of the passive verb `kalpitaḥ`.

कल्पितः (kalpitaḥ) - devised, arranged (the formation) (devised, arranged, imagined, created)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kalpita

kalpita - devised, arranged, imagined, created

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √kḷp (to arrange, prepare, imagine)

Root: kḷp (class 1)

Note: Predicate to `vyūhaḥ`.

पद्मकर्णिकमध्यस्थः (padmakarṇikamadhyasthaḥ) - situated in the very center of the lotus's pericarp (situated in the middle of the lotus pericarp)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of padmakarṇikamadhyastha

padmakarṇikamadhyastha - situated in the middle of the lotus pericarp

Compound type : tatpurusha (padma+karṇikā+madhya+stha)

• padma – lotus
  noun (neuter)
• karṇikā – pericarp of a lotus; kernel; ear-ring
  noun (feminine)
• madhya – middle, center
  noun (neuter)
• stha – standing, situated
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root √sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Modifies `jayadrathaḥ`.

सूचीपाशे (sūcīpāśe) - within a needle-like enclosure (a specific part of the formation) (in the needle-like side/enclosure/flank)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of sūcīpāśa

sūcīpāśa - needle-like side/enclosure/flank (of a formation)

Compound type : tatpurusha (sūcī+pāśa)

• sūcī – needle, point
  noun (feminine)
• pāśa – noose, chain, enclosure, side
  noun (masculine)

Note: Specifies location.

जयद्रथः (jayadrathaḥ) - Jayadratha, king of Sindhu (Jayadratha (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jayadratha

jayadratha - Jayadratha (proper name); whose chariot is victory

Note: Subject of the second clause.

स्थास्यते (sthāsyate) - will be stationed (will stand, will be placed, will remain)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, future (lṛṭ) of sthā

Future Tense

Root √sthā, Ātmanepada, 3rd person singular, future

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: The verb for `jayadrathaḥ`.

रक्षितः (rakṣitaḥ) - protected (protected, guarded, preserved)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rakṣita

rakṣita - protected, guarded, preserved

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √rakṣ (to protect, guard)

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Modifies `jayadrathaḥ`.

वीरैः (vīraiḥ) - by brave warriors (by heroes, by brave men)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man, warrior

Note: Agent of protection `rakṣitaḥ`.

सिन्धुराट् (sindhurāṭ) - Jayadratha, as the king of Sindhu (king of Sindhu, lord of Sindhu)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sindhurāj

sindhurāj - king of Sindhu, lord of Sindhu

Compound type : tatpurusha (sindhu+rājan)

• sindhu – Sindhu (name of a river and region); ocean
  proper noun (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: In apposition to `jayadrathaḥ`.

युद्धदुर्मदैः (yuddhadurmadaiḥ) - who are fiercely arrogant in battle (maddened/arrogant by battle, fiercely arrogant in battle)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of yuddhadurmada

yuddhadurmada - maddened/arrogant by battle, fiercely arrogant in battle

Compound type : tatpurusha (yuddha+durmada)

• yuddha – battle, fight, war
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √yudh (to fight)
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• durmada – haughty, arrogant, intoxicated
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: dur

Note: Modifies `vīraiḥ`.

Previous Verse Next Verse