महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-53, verse-8

अभिमन्युवधं श्रुत्वा ध्रुवमार्तो धनंजयः ।
रात्रौ निर्यास्यति क्रोधादिति मत्वा व्यवस्थिताः ॥८॥

8. abhimanyuvadhaṁ śrutvā dhruvamārto dhanaṁjayaḥ ,
rātrau niryāsyati krodhāditi matvā vyavasthitāḥ.

8. abhimanyuvadham śrutvā dhruvam ārtaḥ dhanaṃjayaḥ
rātrau niryāsyati krodhāt iti matvā vyavasthitāḥ

8. abhimanyuvadham śrutvā,
dhanaṃjayaḥ krōdhāt ārtaḥ dhruvam rātrau niryāsyati iti matvā vyavasthitāḥ

8. Considering that Dhanañjaya (Arjuna), distraught with anger after hearing of Abhimanyu's slaying, would surely sally forth at night, they took their positions.

Words meanings summery:

• अभिमन्युवधम् (abhimanyuvadham) - the slaying of Abhimanyu, Abhimanyu's death

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, after hearing

• ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - certainly, surely, indeed

• आर्तः (ārtaḥ) - distraught (distressed, afflicted, suffering, pained)

• धनंजयः (dhanaṁjayaḥ) - Arjuna (Dhanañjaya, conqueror of wealth (an epithet of Arjuna))

• रात्रौ (rātrau) - at night, in the night

• निर्यास्यति (niryāsyati) - will sally forth (will go out, will sally forth, will depart)

• क्रोधात् (krodhāt) - from anger, due to anger

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, (quotation marker)

• मत्वा (matvā) - having thought, having considered, thinking

• व्यवस्थिताः (vyavasthitāḥ) - took their positions (stood firm, took their positions, settled, decided)

Words meanings and morphology

अभिमन्युवधम् (abhimanyuvadham) - the slaying of Abhimanyu, Abhimanyu's death

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of abhimanyuvadha

abhimanyuvadha - slaying of Abhimanyu

Compound of `abhimanyu` (name) + `vadha` (slaying).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (abhimanyu+vadha)

• abhimanyu – Abhimanyu (son of Arjuna and Subhadrā)
  proper noun (masculine)
• vadha – slaying, killing, destruction
  noun (masculine)
  From root `vadh` (to strike, to kill).
  Root: vadh (class 0)

Note: Object of `śrutvā`.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, after hearing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

From root `śru` (to hear) + suffix `tvā`.

Root: śru (class 5)

ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - certainly, surely, indeed

(indeclinable)

Accusative singular neuter of `dhruva` used as an adverb.

Root: dhru (class 1)

आर्तः (ārtaḥ) - distraught (distressed, afflicted, suffering, pained)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ārta

ārta - distressed, afflicted, suffering

Past Passive Participle

From root `ṛ` (to go, move) + prefix `ā` + `kta` (participle suffix).

Prefix: ā

Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Qualifies `dhanaṃjayaḥ`.

धनंजयः (dhanaṁjayaḥ) - Arjuna (Dhanañjaya, conqueror of wealth (an epithet of Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanaṃjaya

dhanaṁjaya - conqueror of wealth, Arjuna

`dhana` (wealth) + `ṃjaya` (conquering). From `ji` (to conquer) with `ṃ`.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhana+jaya)

• dhana – wealth, riches, property
  noun (neuter)
  From root `dhan` (to yield fruit).
  Root: dhan (class 1)
• jaya – victory, conquest, conqueror (often as suffix)
  noun (masculine)
  From root `ji` (to conquer, win).
  Root: ji (class 1)

रात्रौ (rātrau) - at night, in the night

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of rātri

rātri - night

Locative singular of `rātri`.

Note: Adverbial usage.

निर्यास्यति (niryāsyati) - will sally forth (will go out, will sally forth, will depart)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of niryā

Future

3rd person singular future active. From root `yā` (to go) with prefix `nir`.

Prefix: nir

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Main verb in the quoted statement.

क्रोधात् (krodhāt) - from anger, due to anger

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of krodha

krodha - anger, wrath, rage

Ablative singular of `krodha`. From root `krudh` (to be angry).

Root: krudh (class 4)

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, (quotation marker)

(indeclinable)

Particle used to mark a quotation or a conclusion.

मत्वा (matvā) - having thought, having considered, thinking

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

From root `man` (to think, believe) + suffix `tvā`.

Root: man (class 4)

व्यवस्थिताः (vyavasthitāḥ) - took their positions (stood firm, took their positions, settled, decided)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vyavasthita

vyavasthita - standing firm, arranged, settled, decided, stationed

Past Passive Participle

From `vi-ava-sthā` (to stand, settle, arrange).

Prefixes: vi+ava

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Used as the main verb (past tense implied with participle).