महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-135, verse-52

स जित्वा समरे शत्रून्द्रोणपुत्रो महारथः ।
ननाद सुमहानादं तपान्ते जलदो यथा ॥५२॥

52. sa jitvā samare śatrūndroṇaputro mahārathaḥ ,
nanāda sumahānādaṁ tapānte jalado yathā.

52. saḥ jitvā samare śatrūn droṇaputraḥ mahārathaḥ
nanāda sumahānādam tapānte jaladaḥ yathā

52. saḥ droṇaputraḥ mahārathaḥ samare śatrūn
jitvā sumahānādam nanāda yathā tapānte jaladaḥ

52. Having conquered his enemies in battle, that great charioteer, Droṇa's son, roared a mighty roar, just like a cloud at the end of the hot season.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• जित्वा (jitvā) - having conquered, having won

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

• शत्रून् (śatrūn) - enemies, foes

• द्रोणपुत्रः (droṇaputraḥ) - Aśvatthāmā, son of Droṇa (son of Droṇa)

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - great charioteer, mighty warrior

• ननाद (nanāda) - he roared, he sounded

• सुमहानादम् (sumahānādam) - a very great roar, a very loud sound

• तपान्ते (tapānte) - at the end of the hot season, at the end of summer

• जलदः (jaladaḥ) - cloud

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Droṇa's son, Aśvatthāmā.

जित्वा (jitvā) - having conquered, having won

(indeclinable)

absolutive

formed from root ji + suffix -tvā

Root: ji (class 1)

समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, combat, war

शत्रून् (śatrūn) - enemies, foes

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śatru

śatru - enemy, foe, rival

द्रोणपुत्रः (droṇaputraḥ) - Aśvatthāmā, son of Droṇa (son of Droṇa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇaputra

droṇaputra - son of Droṇa

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (droṇa+putra)

• droṇa – Droṇa (a name)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Aśvatthāmā.

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - great charioteer, mighty warrior

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - great charioteer, one who fights from a great chariot

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, warrior (from a chariot)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used as an epithet for a powerful warrior, here referring to Aśvatthāmā.

ननाद (nanāda) - he roared, he sounded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of nad

Perfect active third person singular

Reduplicated perfect form of root nad

Root: nad (class 1)

सुमहानादम् (sumahānādam) - a very great roar, a very loud sound

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sumahānāda

sumahānāda - a very great sound, a loud roar

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+mahā+nāda)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• nāda – sound, roar, cry
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nad (class 1)

तपान्ते (tapānte) - at the end of the hot season, at the end of summer

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tapānta

tapānta - end of the hot season, end of summer

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tapa+anta)

• tapa – heat, hot season
  noun (masculine)
  Root: tap (class 1)
• anta – end, limit
  noun (masculine)

Note: 'Tapa' here refers to the heat or summer season, whose end typically brings clouds and rain, making the roar of thunder particularly relevant.

जलदः (jaladaḥ) - cloud

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jalada

jalada - cloud (literally 'water-giver')

compound: jala (water) + da (giver, from root dā 'to give')

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (jala+da)

• jala – water
  noun (neuter)
• da – giver, bestower
  adjective
  suffix from root dā (to give)
  Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Literally 'water-giver', referring to a cloud.

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like

(indeclinable)