महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-135, verse-45

तस्मिंस्तु तुमुले युद्धे भीरूणां भयवर्धने ।
मुहूर्तमिव तद्युद्धं समरूपं तदाभवत् ॥४५॥

45. tasmiṁstu tumule yuddhe bhīrūṇāṁ bhayavardhane ,
muhūrtamiva tadyuddhaṁ samarūpaṁ tadābhavat.

45. tasmin tu tumule yuddhe bhīrūṇām bhayavardhane
muhūrtam iva tat yuddham samarūpam tadā abhavat

45. tu tasmin tumule yuddhe bhīrūṇām bhayavardhane
tat yuddham tadā muhūrtam iva samarūpam abhavat

45. But in that tumultuous battle, which increased the fear of the timid, that fight (yuddha) was evenly matched for a moment.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, on that

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• तुमुले (tumule) - tumultuous, agitated, noisy

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in the battle, in the fight

• भीरूणाम् (bhīrūṇām) - of the timid, of the fearful

• भयवर्धने (bhayavardhane) - increasing fear, causing fear to grow

• मुहूर्तम् (muhūrtam) - for a moment, an instant

• इव (iva) - as if, like, as

• तत् (tat) - that

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight

• समरूपम् (samarūpam) - of equal form, evenly matched, uniform

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• अभवत् (abhavat) - it became, it happened

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that, on that

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

तुमुले (tumule) - tumultuous, agitated, noisy

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of tumula

tumula - tumultuous, violent, agitated, noisy

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in the battle, in the fight

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle

From root yudh (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

भीरूणाम् (bhīrūṇām) - of the timid, of the fearful

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bhīru

bhīru - timid, fearful, coward

Root: bhī (class 3)

भयवर्धने (bhayavardhane) - increasing fear, causing fear to grow

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of bhayavardhana

bhayavardhana - increasing fear, causing fear to grow

Present Active Participle

From bhaya (fear) + vardhana (increasing), root vṛdh (to grow)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhaya+vardhana)

• bhaya – fear, dread
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• vardhana – increasing, promoting, growing
  noun (neuter)
  From root vṛdh (to grow, increase)
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)

मुहूर्तम् (muhūrtam) - for a moment, an instant

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of muhūrta

muhūrta - a moment, a short time, a particular division of time

Note: Accusative of duration of time.

इव (iva) - as if, like, as

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle

From root yudh (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Subject of the verb 'abhavat'.

समरूपम् (samarūpam) - of equal form, evenly matched, uniform

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of samarūpa

samarūpa - of equal form, uniform, evenly matched

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sama+rūpa)

• sama – equal, same, similar
  adjective (masculine)
• rūpa – form, shape, appearance, beauty
  noun (neuter)
  Root: rūp (class 10)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'yuddham'.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

अभवत् (abhavat) - it became, it happened

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of bhū

imperfect active 3rd singular of root bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)