महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-135, verse-43

तौ प्रयुद्धौ रणे दृष्ट्वा वने वन्यौ गजाविव ।
उभयोः सेनयोर्हर्षस्तुमुलः समपद्यत ॥४३॥

43. tau prayuddhau raṇe dṛṣṭvā vane vanyau gajāviva ,
ubhayoḥ senayorharṣastumulaḥ samapadyata.

43. tau prayuddhau raṇe dṛṣṭvā vane vanyau gajau
iva ubhayoḥ senayoḥ harṣaḥ tumulaḥ samapadyata

43. raṇe vane vanyau gajau iva tau prayuddhau dṛṣṭvā,
ubhayoḥ senayoḥ tumulaḥ harṣaḥ samapadyata.

43. Seeing those two fighting in battle, like two wild elephants in a forest, a tumultuous joy arose in both armies.

Words meanings summery:

• तौ (tau) - those two

• प्रयुद्धौ (prayuddhau) - having fought, having engaged in battle

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, seeing

• वने (vane) - in the forest, in a grove

• वन्यौ (vanyau) - wild, belonging to the forest

• गजौ (gajau) - two elephants

• इव (iva) - as if, like, as

• उभयोः (ubhayoḥ) - of both

• सेनयोः (senayoḥ) - of the two armies

• हर्षः (harṣaḥ) - joy, delight, excitement

• तुमुलः (tumulaḥ) - tumultuous, great, noisy, turbulent

• समपद्यत (samapadyata) - arose, occurred, happened

Words meanings and morphology

तौ (tau) - those two

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'. Refers to the two warriors.

प्रयुद्धौ (prayuddhau) - having fought, having engaged in battle

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, dual of prayuddha

prayuddha - fought, having fought, engaged in battle

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root yudh (to fight) with the prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'tau'.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat, conflict

Root: raṇ (class 1)

Note: Indicates the place of action ('prayuddhau').

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from the root dṛś (to see) with the suffix -tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Indicates a preceding action by the implicit subject of 'samapadyata' (joy).

वने (vane) - in the forest, in a grove

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove, thicket

Note: Indicates location, part of the simile.

वन्यौ (vanyau) - wild, belonging to the forest

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vanya

vanya - wild, sylvan, forest-born, belonging to the forest

Derived from vana (forest) with the suffix -ya.

Note: Agrees with 'gajau'.

गजौ (gajau) - two elephants

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of gaja

gaja - elephant

Note: Subject of the simile,

इव (iva) - as if, like, as

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle indicating comparison.

उभयोः (ubhayoḥ) - of both

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, dual of ubha

ubha - both

Note: Modifies 'senayoḥ'.

सेनयोः (senayoḥ) - of the two armies

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, dual of senā

senā - army, host, armed force

Root: si (class 5)

Note: Indicates possession or relation to 'harṣaḥ'.

हर्षः (harṣaḥ) - joy, delight, excitement

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of harṣa

harṣa - joy, delight, excitement, thrill, erection (of hair)

Derived from the root hṛṣ (to be excited, rejoice).

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'samapadyata'.

तुमुलः (tumulaḥ) - tumultuous, great, noisy, turbulent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tumula

tumula - tumultuous, noisy, great, turbulent, vast

Note: Modifies 'harṣaḥ'.

समपद्यत (samapadyata) - arose, occurred, happened

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of pad

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice.