महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-106, verse-8

भ्रातृत्वं दर्शितं पूर्वं घृणी चापि स सूतजः ।
कथं भीमेन युयुधे कुन्त्या वाक्यमनुस्मरन् ॥८॥

8. bhrātṛtvaṁ darśitaṁ pūrvaṁ ghṛṇī cāpi sa sūtajaḥ ,
kathaṁ bhīmena yuyudhe kuntyā vākyamanusmaran.

8. bhrātṛtvam darśitam pūrvam ghṛṇī ca api saḥ sūtajāḥ
katham bhīmena yuyudhe kuntyāḥ vākyam anusmaran

8. katham saḥ sūtajāḥ pūrvam bhrātṛtvam darśitam api
ghṛṇī ca kuntyāḥ vākyam anusmaran bhīmena yuyudhe

8. How did that son of the charioteer (Karna), remembering Kunti's words, fight with Bhima, despite their brotherhood having been revealed previously and Karna himself being compassionate?

Words meanings summery:

• भ्रातृत्वम् (bhrātṛtvam) - brotherhood, fraternity

• दर्शितम् (darśitam) - shown, revealed, manifested

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - formerly, previously, before

• घृणी (ghṛṇī) - compassionate, merciful, kind

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• सूतजाः (sūtajāḥ) - Karna (son of charioteer, Karna)

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• भीमेन (bhīmena) - with Bhima (as an opponent) (by Bhima, with Bhima)

• युयुधे (yuyudhe) - fought

• कुन्त्याः (kuntyāḥ) - of Kunti

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, statement, speech

• अनुस्मरन् (anusmaran) - remembering, recalling

Words meanings and morphology

भ्रातृत्वम् (bhrātṛtvam) - brotherhood, fraternity

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhrātṛtva

bhrātṛtva - brotherhood, fraternity, relationship of a brother

from bhrātṛ (brother) + tva (abstract noun suffix)

Note: Subject of the passive verb 'darśitam'.

दर्शितम् (darśitam) - shown, revealed, manifested

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of darśita

darśita - shown, displayed, revealed, made known

Past Passive Participle

from root dṛś (to see) in causative darśayati, suffix -ta

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'bhrātṛtvam'.

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - formerly, previously, before

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time.

घृणी (ghṛṇī) - compassionate, merciful, kind

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ghṛṇin

ghṛṇin - compassionate, merciful, kind, tender-hearted

from ghṛṇā (pity, compassion) + -in (possessive suffix)

Note: Agrees with 'sūtajāḥ'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle emphasizing 'ghṛṇī'.

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Karna.

सूतजाः (sūtajāḥ) - Karna (son of charioteer, Karna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūtajā

sūtajā - son of a charioteer (epithet for Karna)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (sūta+ja)

• sūta – charioteer, bard
  noun (masculine)
• ja – born (from), produced (from)
  adjective (masculine)
  suffix meaning 'born from'
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'yuyudhe'.

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative adverb.

भीमेन (bhīmena) - with Bhima (as an opponent) (by Bhima, with Bhima)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhima (name of a Pāṇḍava prince)

Note: Indicates companion or opponent in action.

युयुधे (yuyudhe) - fought

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of yudh

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Third singular perfect form.

कुन्त्याः (kuntyāḥ) - of Kunti

(proper noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of kuntī

kuntī - Kunti (name of the mother of the Pāṇḍavas)

Note: Possessive, relating to 'vākyam'.

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, statement, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, sentence, statement, speech

Note: Object of the participle 'anusmaran'.

अनुस्मरन् (anusmaran) - remembering, recalling

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anusmarat

anusmarat - remembering, recalling, meditating on

Present Active Participle

from anu-smṛ (to remember, recall)

Prefix: anu

Root: smṛ (class 1)

Note: Participle modifying 'sūtajāḥ'.