महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-106, verse-14

योऽजयत्पृथिवीं सर्वां रथेनैकेन वीर्यवान् ।
तं सूततनयं युद्धे कथं भीमो ह्ययोधयत् ॥१४॥

14. yo'jayatpṛthivīṁ sarvāṁ rathenaikena vīryavān ,
taṁ sūtatanayaṁ yuddhe kathaṁ bhīmo hyayodhayat.

14. yaḥ ajayat pṛthivīm sarvām rathena ekena vīryavān
tam sūta-tanayam yuddhe katham bhīmaḥ hi ayodhayat

14. vīryavān yaḥ ekena rathena sarvām pṛthivīm ajayat
tam sūta-tanayam bhīmaḥ yuddhe katham hi ayodhayat

14. How indeed did Bhima fight that son of a charioteer in battle, he who, mighty, conquered the entire earth with a single chariot?

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• अजयत् (ajayat) - conquered, vanquished

• पृथिवीम् (pṛthivīm) - earth, ground

• सर्वाम् (sarvām) - all, entire, whole

• रथेन (rathena) - by a chariot, with a chariot

• एकेन (ekena) - by one, with a single

• वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - Karna (mighty, powerful, valorous)

• तम् (tam) - him, that

• सूत-तनयम् (sūta-tanayam) - Karna (son of a charioteer)

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in war

• कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?

• भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhima (name)

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• अयोधयत् (ayodhayat) - fought

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun

अजयत् (ajayat) - conquered, vanquished

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of ji

Imperfect

Root 'ji' (1P), Imperfect, 3rd person singular active

Root: ji (class 1)

पृथिवीम् (pṛthivīm) - earth, ground

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - earth, ground, world

सर्वाम् (sarvām) - all, entire, whole

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Agrees with 'pṛthivīm'

रथेन (rathena) - by a chariot, with a chariot

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

एकेन (ekena) - by one, with a single

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, sole

Note: Agrees with 'rathena'

वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - Karna (mighty, powerful, valorous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīryavat

vīryavat - possessing valor, powerful, brave

Suffixed with -vat (possessive suffix)

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'sūta-tanayam' (Karna)

सूत-तनयम् (sūta-tanayam) - Karna (son of a charioteer)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sūta-tanaya

sūta-tanaya - son of a charioteer

Compound type : tatpurusha (sūta+tanaya)

• sūta – charioteer, bard, one of mixed caste
  noun (masculine)
• tanaya – son, offspring
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'tan' (to stretch, to extend) with suffix 'aya'
  Root: tan (class 8)

Note: Refers to Karna

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle

From root 'yudh' (to fight), nominalized

Root: yudh (class 4)

कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?

(indeclinable)

भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhima (name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhima (one of the Pāṇḍavas), formidable, terrible

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

अयोधयत् (ayodhayat) - fought

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of yudh

Imperfect (causative or direct transitive/intransitive)

Root 'yudh' (4A or 10U), Imperfect, 3rd person singular active. Here it functions as 'fought' (intransitive or direct transitive) in a simple sense.

Root: yudh (class 4)