महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-106, verse-20

भीमसेनस्तदाह्वानं कर्णान्नामर्षयद्युधि ।
अर्धमण्डलमावृत्य सूतपुत्रमयोधयत् ॥२०॥

20. bhīmasenastadāhvānaṁ karṇānnāmarṣayadyudhi ,
ardhamaṇḍalamāvṛtya sūtaputramayodhayat.

20. bhīmasenaḥ tadā āhvānam karṇāt na amarṣayat
yudhi ardhamanḍalam āvṛtya sūtaputram ayodhayat

20. yudhi karṇāt tadā āhvānam bhīmasenaḥ na amarṣayat
ardhamanḍalam āvṛtya sūtaputram ayodhayat

20. Bhimasena (bhīmasenaḥ) did not tolerate that challenge from Karna (karṇāt) in battle. He formed a half-circle and fought the son of a charioteer (sūtaputra).

Words meanings summery:

• भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhimasena

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• आह्वानम् (āhvānam) - challenge, call, summoning

• कर्णात् (karṇāt) - from Karna

• न (na) - not, no

• अमर्षयत् (amarṣayat) - he did not tolerate, he could not endure

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in the fight

• अर्धमन्डलम् (ardhamanḍalam) - a half-circle, a semi-circular formation

• आवृत्य (āvṛtya) - having covered, having encircled, having formed

• सूतपुत्रम् (sūtaputram) - Karna (the son of a charioteer)

• अयोधयत् (ayodhayat) - he fought

Words meanings and morphology

भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhimasena

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhimasena (a name)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

आह्वानम् (āhvānam) - challenge, call, summoning

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of āhvāna

āhvāna - call, challenge, summons

verbal noun

Derived from root 'hū' (to call) with upasarga 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: hū (class 3)

कर्णात् (karṇāt) - from Karna

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (a name), ear

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अमर्षयत् (amarṣayat) - he did not tolerate, he could not endure

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of mṛṣ

Root: mṛṣ (class 10)

Note: Includes negative prefix 'a'.

युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in the fight

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, fight, war

अर्धमन्डलम् (ardhamanḍalam) - a half-circle, a semi-circular formation

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ardhamanḍala

ardhamanḍala - half-circle, semi-circle

Compound type : tatpurusha (ardha+maṇḍala)

• ardha – half
  adjective
• maṇḍala – circle, disk, orb
  noun (neuter)

आवृत्य (āvṛtya) - having covered, having encircled, having formed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'vṛ' (to cover) with upasarga 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: vṛ (class 5)

सूतपुत्रम् (sūtaputram) - Karna (the son of a charioteer)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sūtaputra

sūtaputra - son of a charioteer

Compound type : tatpurusha (sūta+putra)

• sūta – charioteer, bard
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

अयोधयत् (ayodhayat) - he fought

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of yudh

Root: yudh (class 4)