महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-106, verse-7

यौ तौ समीयतुर्वीरावर्जुनस्य रथं प्रति ।
कथं नु तावयुध्येतां सूतपुत्रवृकोदरौ ॥७॥

7. yau tau samīyaturvīrāvarjunasya rathaṁ prati ,
kathaṁ nu tāvayudhyetāṁ sūtaputravṛkodarau.

7. yau tau samīyatuḥ vīrau arjunasyam ratham prati
katham nu tau ayudhyetām sūtaputravṛkodarau

7. katham nu tau sūtaputravṛkodarau yau vīrau
arjunasyam ratham prati samīyatuḥ ayudhyetām

7. How indeed did those two heroes, the son of the charioteer (Karna) and Vrikodara (Bhima), fight when they came near Arjuna's chariot?

Words meanings summery:

• यौ (yau) - which two, who two

• तौ (tau) - those two

• समीयतुः (samīyatuḥ) - approached, came together

• वीरौ (vīrau) - two heroes, two valiant ones

• अर्जुनस्यम् (arjunasyam) - of Arjuna

• रथम् (ratham) - chariot

• प्रति (prati) - towards, against, near

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• नु (nu) - indeed, then, now

• तौ (tau) - those two

• अयुध्येताम् (ayudhyetām) - fought

• सूतपुत्रवृकोदरौ (sūtaputravṛkodarau) - Karna and Bhima (the son of the charioteer (Karna) and Vrikodara (Bhima))

Words meanings and morphology

यौ (yau) - which two, who two

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of yad

yad - which, who, what

Note: Relative pronoun.

तौ (tau) - those two

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Demonstrative pronoun, coreferent with 'yau' and 'vīrau'.

समीयतुः (samīyatuḥ) - approached, came together

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, perfect (lit) of sam-i

Prefix: sam

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Third dual perfect form of root 'i' with prefix 'sam'.

वीरौ (vīrau) - two heroes, two valiant ones

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vīra

vīra - hero, brave, valiant

Note: Appositive to 'yau tau'.

अर्जुनस्यम् (arjunasyam) - of Arjuna

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (name of a Pāṇḍava prince)

Note: Possessive, relating to 'ratham'.

रथम् (ratham) - chariot

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Note: Object of the preposition 'prati'.

प्रति (prati) - towards, against, near

(indeclinable)

Note: Preposition governing the accusative.

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative adverb.

नु (nu) - indeed, then, now

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle expressing interrogation or affirmation.

तौ (tau) - those two

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Demonstrative pronoun, referring to the same two heroes (Karna and Bhima).

अयुध्येताम् (ayudhyetām) - fought

(verb)

3rd person , dual, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of yudh

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Third dual imperfect form of root 'yudh'.

सूतपुत्रवृकोदरौ (sūtaputravṛkodarau) - Karna and Bhima (the son of the charioteer (Karna) and Vrikodara (Bhima))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of sūtaputravṛkodara

sūtaputravṛkodara - Karna and Bhima

Compound type : dvandva (sūtaputra+vṛkodara)

• sūtaputra – son of a charioteer, Karna
  proper noun (masculine)
• vṛkodara – Vrikodara, Bhima (literally 'wolf-bellied')
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Nominative dual subject, referring to Karna and Bhima.